[Isolated primary amyloidosis of the bladder].

Amyloidosis is a group of storage diseases concerning various proteins, classified as a function of the type of protein. Amyloidosis of the bladder is a rare disease (about one hundred cases have been reported over the last thirty years), but the bladder appears to be the most frequent site in the urinary tract. Amyloidosis may be either primary or secondary, isolated or involving multiple organs. Complementary investigations must be performed to eliminate systemic involvement before proposing the diagnosis of isolated amyloid and analysis of the type of amyloid can help target these investigations. In most cases, the patient presents with painless macroscopic haematuria. The diagnosis is always based on histological examination of cystoscopy samples. In the light of a new case of isolated amyloidosis of the bladder diagnosed in their department in a context of assessment of microscopic haematuria and after a review of the literature, the authors discuss the diagnostic features, the examinations designed to exclude systemic disease and the various treatments.