Freedman Ralph S, Deavers Michael, Liu Jinsong, Wang Ena
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas M,D, Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
J Transl Med. 2004 Jun 25;2(1):23. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-2-23.
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a significant cause of cancer related morbidity and mortality in women. Preferential involvement of peritoneal structures contributes to the overall poor outcome in EOC patients. Advances in biotechnology, such as cDNA microarray, are a product of the Human Genome Project and are beginning to provide fresh opportunities to understand the biology of EOC. In particular, it is now possible to examine in depth, at the molecular level, the complex relationship between the tumor itself and its surrounding microenvironment.This review focuses on the anatomy, physiology, and current immunobiologic research of peritoneal structures, and addresses certain potentially useful animal models. Changes in both the inflammatory and non-inflammatory cell compartments, as well as alterations to the extracellular matrix, appear to be signal events that contribute to the remodeling effects of the peritoneal stroma and surface epithelial cells on tumor growth and spread. These alterations may involve a number of proteins, including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, either membrane or non-membrane bound, and integrins. Interactions between these molecules and molecular structures within the extracellular matrix, such as collagens and the proteoglycans, may contribute to a peritoneal mesothelial surface and stromal environment that is conducive to tumor cell proliferation and invasion. These alterations need to be examined and defined as possible prosnosticators and as therapeutic or diagnostic targets.
上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）是女性癌症相关发病和死亡的重要原因。腹膜结构的优先受累导致EOC患者总体预后不良。生物技术的进步，如cDNA微阵列，是人类基因组计划的产物，并开始为理解EOC的生物学特性提供新的机会。特别是，现在有可能在分子水平上深入研究肿瘤本身与其周围微环境之间的复杂关系。本综述重点关注腹膜结构的解剖学、生理学和当前的免疫生物学研究，并探讨某些潜在有用的动物模型。炎症和非炎症细胞区室的变化以及细胞外基质的改变，似乎是导致腹膜基质和表面上皮细胞对肿瘤生长和扩散产生重塑作用的信号事件。这些改变可能涉及多种蛋白质，包括细胞因子、趋化因子、生长因子（无论是膜结合还是非膜结合）以及整合素。这些分子与细胞外基质中的分子结构（如胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖）之间的相互作用，可能导致有利于肿瘤细胞增殖和侵袭的腹膜间皮表面和基质环境。需要对这些改变进行研究和定义，将其作为可能的预后指标以及治疗或诊断靶点。
