von Baeyer Carl L, Marche Tammy A, Rocha Elizabete M, Salmon Karen
St Thomas More College, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A5, Canada.
J Pain. 2004 Jun;5(5):241-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2004.05.001.
Children's memories of painful experiences can have long-term consequences for their reaction to later painful events and their acceptance of later health care interventions. This review surveys research on children's memory for pain, emphasizing implications for clinical practice. Topics reviewed include consequences of children's memories of pain; the development of memory; differences between explicit (declarative, verbal, autobiographic) memory and implicit (nondeclarative, nonverbal) memory; and individual differences, situational, and methodologic factors affecting memories of pain. Methods to prevent the adverse consequences of remembered pain are addressed with reference to current research on editing or reframing memories.
This review covers topics of value to clinicians providing care to children undergoing painful procedures. Specific recommendations are offered regarding the importance of acknowledging and assessing children's previous memories of painful experiences, the type of information that benefits children before and after procedures, and the most appropriate questioning strategies. It might be possible to prevent or reduce the adverse effects of memories of pain.
儿童对痛苦经历的记忆可能会对他们日后对痛苦事件的反应以及对后续医疗保健干预措施的接受程度产生长期影响。本综述调查了关于儿童疼痛记忆的研究，重点关注其对临床实践的启示。所综述的主题包括儿童疼痛记忆的后果；记忆的发展；外显（陈述性、言语性、自传性）记忆与内隐（非陈述性、非言语性）记忆之间的差异；以及影响疼痛记忆的个体差异、情境因素和方法学因素。参考当前关于编辑或重构记忆的研究，探讨了预防记忆性疼痛不良后果的方法。
本综述涵盖了对为接受痛苦治疗的儿童提供护理的临床医生有价值的主题。针对承认和评估儿童先前痛苦经历记忆的重要性、手术前后对儿童有益的信息类型以及最合适的询问策略，提供了具体建议。有可能预防或减少疼痛记忆的不良影响。
