Douglas S
AACN Clin Issues Crit Care Nurs. 1992 Aug;3(3):688-97. doi: 10.4037/15597768-1992-3016.
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the most common cause of acute renal failure. Early recognition of patients who are at risk for ATN can prevent or improve the course of ATN. Acute renal failure is classified as prerenal, intrinsic, or postrenal disease. ATN is classified as a type of intrinsic renal disease. The clinical course of ATN is divided into the renal failure phase, diuretic phase, and recovery phase, with each phase having distinct symptoms and laboratory findings. Diagnosis of ATN often is complicated and confusing; understanding of laboratory findings can facilitate the critical care nurse's ability to assess those at risk for ATN. The care and treatment of the patient with ATN is complicated, and specific treatments are discussed in detail. The critical care nurse can play a vital role in identifying the patient at risk, preventing the development of ATN in those at risk, and providing appropriate care for those who develop ATN.
急性肾小管坏死（ATN）是急性肾衰竭最常见的病因。早期识别有ATN风险的患者可预防或改善ATN的病程。急性肾衰竭分为肾前性、肾实质性或肾后性疾病。ATN被归类为肾实质性疾病的一种类型。ATN的临床病程分为肾衰竭期、利尿期和恢复期，每个阶段都有不同的症状和实验室检查结果。ATN的诊断往往复杂且令人困惑；了解实验室检查结果有助于重症护理护士评估有ATN风险的患者。ATN患者的护理和治疗很复杂，具体治疗方法将详细讨论。重症护理护士在识别有风险的患者、预防有风险者发生ATN以及为发生ATN的患者提供适当护理方面可发挥至关重要的作用。
