Schweinsburg Alecia D, Paulus Martin P, Barlett Valerie C, Killeen Lauren A, Caldwell Lisa C, Pulido Carmen, Brown Sandra A, Tapert Susan F
VA San Diego Healthcare System (116B), 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Jun;1021:391-4. doi: 10.1196/annals.1308.050.
Disinhibition among alcoholics may precede or result from alcohol use disorders (AUDs). It remains unclear how disinhibition might contribute to AUD risk among youths with a family history of alcoholism (FHP). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore inhibition-related neural risk factors for AUD. Participants were 12- to 14-year-old nondrinkers, including 12 FHP youths and 14 youths with no family history of alcoholism (FHN). Youths performed a go/no-go task during fMRI acquisition. At a conservative threshold, FHN youths showed less inhibitory response than FHP youths in the left middle frontal gyrus, despite similar task performance between groups. Using a more liberal threshold, FHP youths also demonstrated less response in additional frontal regions. These preliminary findings suggest that FHP youths show less inhibitory frontal response than FHN youths. Altered neural activation among FHP youths may underlie subsequent disinhibition and could be related to the AUD risk.
酗酒者的去抑制现象可能先于酒精使用障碍(AUDs)出现,也可能是酒精使用障碍的结果。目前尚不清楚去抑制现象如何导致有酗酒家族史(FHP)的青少年患酒精使用障碍的风险增加。我们使用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)来探究酒精使用障碍与抑制相关的神经危险因素。研究对象为12至14岁的不饮酒青少年,其中包括12名有酗酒家族史的青少年和14名无酗酒家族史的青少年(FHN)。青少年在进行fMRI扫描时执行一项停止信号任务。在保守阈值下,尽管两组任务表现相似,但FHN组青少年在左侧额中回的抑制反应比FHP组青少年少。采用更宽松的阈值时,FHP组青少年在额外的额叶区域也表现出较少的反应。这些初步研究结果表明,FHP组青少年的额叶抑制反应比FHN组青少年少。FHP组青少年神经激活的改变可能是随后去抑制现象的基础,并且可能与酒精使用障碍风险有关。