Fuglsang Anders
Institute of Pharmacology, Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2004 Aug;86(2):135-47. doi: 10.1023/B:ANTO.0000036119.00001.3b.
The compositional non-randomness was studied in genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In both species, codon usage is well correlated with expressivity (measured as the codon adaptation index). Both species generally display higher nucleotide non-randomness in the group of highly expressed genes than in the lowly expressed genes. The highly expressed genes in both species are furthermore characterized by marked peaks in non-randomness at N=3 upstream of start codons, N=2 downstream of start codons and at N=1 and N=7 downstream of stop codons, indicating that these nucleotides may be key elements in translational regulation. Intragenic variation in codon usage was also observed to be linked to expressivity. It is suggested that the firm link between expressivity and codon usage calls for codon optimization. Based on bioinformatic calculations, examples of proteins are given for which codon optimizations might be relevant.
对酿酒酵母和粟酒裂殖酵母的基因组成非随机性进行了研究。在这两个物种中，密码子使用与表达性（以密码子适应指数衡量）密切相关。这两个物种通常在高表达基因组中比在低表达基因中表现出更高的核苷酸非随机性。此外，这两个物种的高表达基因的特征是在起始密码子上游N = 3、起始密码子下游N = 2以及终止密码子下游N = 1和N = 7处的非随机性有明显峰值，这表明这些核苷酸可能是翻译调控中的关键元件。还观察到密码子使用的基因内变异与表达性有关。有人认为，表达性与密码子使用之间的紧密联系需要进行密码子优化。基于生物信息学计算，给出了可能需要进行密码子优化的蛋白质实例。
