Todd James T
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2004 Mar;8(3):115-21. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2004.01.006.
A fundamental problem for the visual perception of 3D shape is that patterns of optical stimulation are inherently ambiguous. Recent mathematical analyses have shown, however, that these ambiguities can be highly constrained, so that many aspects of 3D structure are uniquely specified even though others might be underdetermined. Empirical results with human observers reveal a similar pattern of performance. Judgments about 3D shape are often systematically distorted relative to the actual structure of an observed scene, but these distortions are typically constrained to a limited class of transformations. These findings suggest that the perceptual representation of 3D shape involves a relatively abstract data structure that is based primarily on qualitative properties that can be reliably determined from visual information.
三维形状视觉感知的一个基本问题是，光学刺激模式本质上具有模糊性。然而，最近的数学分析表明，这些模糊性可以受到高度限制，因此即使三维结构的其他方面可能无法确定，其许多方面也能被唯一确定。对人类观察者的实证结果揭示了类似的表现模式。关于三维形状的判断相对于观察场景的实际结构往往会系统地扭曲，但这些扭曲通常被限制在有限的一类变换中。这些发现表明，三维形状的感知表征涉及一种相对抽象的数据结构，该结构主要基于可从视觉信息中可靠确定的定性属性。
