Wenzel Suzanne L, Tucker Joan S, Elliott Marc N, Hambarsoomians Katrin, Perlman Judy, Becker Kirsten, Kollross Crystal, Golinelli Daniela
RAND Health, Santa Monica, CA 90407, USA.
Prev Med. 2004 Sep;39(3):617-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.02.027.
Violence against women, substance use and disorder, and HIV represent three significant threats to the health of women, yet little is known about the extent of these epidemics among indigent women. This study investigates and documents differences in the prevalence and co-occurrence of physical and sexual violence, substance use and disorder, and HIV risk behavior in sizable probability samples of sheltered homeless and low-income housed women.
Retrospective self-reports were obtained through structured interviews with stratified random samples of women residing in shelters (N = 460) and low-income housing (N = 438) in Los Angeles County, California.
Sheltered women were more likely than housed women to report experiencing physical and sexual violence, substance use and disorder, HIV risk behavior, and co-occurrence of these problems in the past year. Differences remained when propensity weights were used to equate the groups on demographic and background characteristics.
Findings suggest remarkable need for services among communities of indigent women. Higher rates of problems among women in shelters highlight the importance of differentiating among subgroups of indigent women in community-based prevention and intervention activities and tentatively suggest a protective influence of housing.
针对妇女的暴力行为、物质使用与紊乱以及艾滋病毒是对妇女健康的三大重大威胁，但对于贫困妇女中这些流行情况的程度却知之甚少。本研究调查并记录了在有住所的无家可归妇女和低收入有住房妇女的大规模概率样本中，身体暴力和性暴力、物质使用与紊乱以及艾滋病毒风险行为的患病率及共现情况的差异。
通过对加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县居住在收容所（N = 460）和低收入住房（N = 438）中的妇女分层随机样本进行结构化访谈，获取回顾性自我报告。
在过去一年中，与有住房的妇女相比，住在收容所的妇女更有可能报告遭受身体暴力和性暴力、物质使用与紊乱、艾滋病毒风险行为以及这些问题的共现情况。当使用倾向权重使两组在人口统计学和背景特征上相等时，差异仍然存在。
研究结果表明贫困妇女群体对服务有显著需求。收容所中妇女问题发生率较高，凸显了在基于社区的预防和干预活动中区分贫困妇女亚群体的重要性，并初步表明住房具有保护作用。
