Tanner B D, Kuwahara S, Gerba C P, Reynolds K A
Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Water Sci Technol. 2004;50(1):19-25.
Effective wastewater treatment is critical to public health and well-being. This is especially true in developing countries, where disinfection of wastewater is frequently inadequate. People who live in these areas may benefit from wastewater disinfection using ozone. This study evaluated the ability of a new electrochemical process of ozone generation, which produced ozone continuously at high pressure and concentration by the electrolysis of water, to disinfect tap water and secondarily treated wastewater. Inactivation of Klebsiella terrigena, Escherichia coli, MS2 bacteriophage and poliovirus 1 was evaluated first in reverse osmosis (RO) treated water. Inactivation of K. terrigena (6-log), E. coli (6-log), MS2 (6-log) and poliovirus 1 (>3-log) was observed after 1 min of ozonation in a 1 L batch reactor. Experiments were then performed to assess the microbiological impact of disinfection using ozone on secondarily treated municipal wastewater. The effect of ozonation on wastewater was determined for total and faecal coliforms, bacteriophages and heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria. Electrochemical ozone generators provided an effective, rapid and low-cost method of wastewater disinfection. Based on the results of this research, electrochemically generated ozone would be well suited to remote, small-scale, disinfection operations and may provide a feasible means of wastewater disinfection in developing countries.
有效的废水处理对公众健康和福祉至关重要。在发展中国家尤其如此，在这些国家，废水消毒往往不充分。生活在这些地区的人们可能会从使用臭氧进行废水消毒中受益。本研究评估了一种新的电化学臭氧生成工艺的能力，该工艺通过水电解在高压和高浓度下连续产生臭氧，用于对自来水和二级处理后的废水进行消毒。首先在反渗透（RO）处理过的水中评估了土生克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、MS2噬菌体和脊髓灰质炎病毒1的灭活情况。在1升间歇式反应器中臭氧化1分钟后，观察到土生克雷伯菌（6个对数级）、大肠杆菌（6个对数级）、MS2（6个对数级）和脊髓灰质炎病毒1（>3个对数级）的灭活情况。然后进行实验，以评估使用臭氧消毒对二级处理后的城市废水的微生物学影响。确定了臭氧化对废水的总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、噬菌体和异养平板计数（HPC）细菌的影响。电化学臭氧发生器提供了一种有效、快速且低成本的废水消毒方法。基于这项研究的结果，电化学产生的臭氧非常适合偏远地区的小规模消毒作业，并且可能为发展中国家提供一种可行的废水消毒手段。
