Ueki Y, Akiyama K, Watanabe T, Omura T
Miyagi Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Saiwai-cho 4-7-2, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-0836, Japan.
Water Sci Technol. 2004;50(1):51-6.
As oysters are eaten raw in Japan, their contamination with the non-bacterial agent of gastroenteritis has become a serious health problem. As it is well known that oysters tend to concentrate noroviruses (NV) in their digestive diverticula, NV may be linked with the acute gastroenteritis. However, since NV cannot be cultivated in cell cultures, and they have genetic diversity, the behaviour of NV in the aquatic environment is little known. In this study, NV samples were taken from gastroenteritis patients; from the river flowing into the oyster-farming area; and from oysters harvested from that river. Genetic identities of NV samples were analysed in capsid and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) regions respectively. In both regions, strains taken from patients were >96% identical with those from river and oyster samples. This proved that oysters were contaminated with NV excreted from patients with gastroenteritis.
在日本，牡蛎是生吃的，其被肠胃炎的非细菌病原体污染已成为一个严重的健康问题。众所周知，牡蛎倾向于在其消化盲囊中富集诺如病毒（NV），NV可能与急性肠胃炎有关。然而，由于NV无法在细胞培养物中培养，且它们具有遗传多样性，因此NV在水生环境中的行为鲜为人知。在本研究中，NV样本取自肠胃炎患者、流入牡蛎养殖区的河流以及从该河流收获的牡蛎。分别在衣壳和RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶（RdRp）区域分析了NV样本的基因同一性。在这两个区域，取自患者的毒株与取自河流和牡蛎样本的毒株的同一性均>96%。这证明牡蛎被肠胃炎患者排泄出的NV污染了。
