Ouellet Lawrence, Huo Dezheng, Bailey Susan L
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Community Outreach Intervention Projects, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Sep 1;37(1):1187-96. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000120802.43677.ea.
To assess associations between needle exchange program (NEP) use and drug injection risk practices.
Between 1997-2000, injecting drug users (IDUs) in Chicago were recruited from NEPs and an area with no NEP, interviewed about risk practices, and counseled and tested for HIV. The risk practices of "regular NEP users"--those who obtained at least half of their needles from an NEP (n = 558)--were compared with those of IDUs who did not use an NEP (n = 175).
In multivariate analysis, regular NEP users, compared with NEP nonusers, were less likely to receptively share needles (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.30; 95% CI, 0.19-0.46); lend used needles (AOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.31-0.71); share cookers (AOR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.25-0.61), cottons (AOR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.32-0.72), or water (AOR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27-0.63); or use a needle for >1 injection (0.15; 95% CI, 0.08-0.27). Among those who shared needles, regular NEP users were significantly more likely to do so for a smaller proportion of injections, with fewer partners and persons socially closer, and to have always bleached used needles before injecting.
Regular NEP use is associated with less frequent and lower risk HIV injection risk practices.
评估针头交换项目（NEP）的使用与药物注射风险行为之间的关联。
在1997年至2000年期间，从针头交换项目和无针头交换项目的地区招募芝加哥的注射吸毒者（IDU），询问其风险行为，并为其提供咨询和艾滋病毒检测。将“经常使用针头交换项目者”（即至少一半针头从针头交换项目获取的人，n = 558）的风险行为与未使用针头交换项目的注射吸毒者（n = 175）进行比较。
在多变量分析中，与未使用针头交换项目者相比，经常使用针头交换项目者更不太可能接受性共用针头（调整优势比[AOR]，0.30；95%置信区间[CI]，0.19 - 0.46）；出借用过的针头（AOR，0.47；95% CI，0.31 - 0.71）；共用烹饪器具（AOR，0.39；95% CI，0.25 - 0.61）、棉花（AOR，0.48；95% CI，0.32 - 0.72）或水（AOR，0.41；95% CI，0.27 - 0.63）；或使用同一根针头进行超过一次注射（AOR，0.15；95% CI，0.08 - 0.27）。在共用针头者中，经常使用针头交换项目者在更小比例的注射中这样做的可能性显著更高，共用伙伴更少且社会关系更亲近的人，并且在注射前总是对用过的针头进行漂白处理。
经常使用针头交换项目与艾滋病毒注射风险行为频率更低、风险更低相关。
