Taplitz Randy A
Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland 97239, USA.
Postgrad Med. 2004 Aug;116(2):49-52, 55-6, 59. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2004.08.1572.
Animal and human bites are common in the United States. Although evidence-based practice guidelines have not been developed, bite wounds warrant an organized, standardized approach to care to help prevent complications. Such an approach involves first eliciting a history of the circumstances surrounding the bite and the patient's medical history. Next, basic bite wound care should be performed, including cleansing and irrigation of the wound. A good understanding of bite wound bacteriology and the situations in which antibiotics may be indicated is important. Finally, rabies and tetanus prophylaxis should be considered and appropriate follow-up care ensured.
在美国，动物咬伤和人咬伤很常见。尽管尚未制定基于证据的实践指南，但咬伤伤口需要有组织、标准化的护理方法以帮助预防并发症。这种方法首先要了解咬伤周围情况的病史以及患者的病史。接下来，应进行基本的咬伤伤口护理，包括伤口的清洁和冲洗。充分了解咬伤伤口的细菌学以及可能需要使用抗生素的情况很重要。最后，应考虑狂犬病和破伤风预防措施，并确保进行适当的后续护理。
