Hawkins J, Paris P M, Stewart R D
Postgrad Med. 1983 Jun;73(6):52-64. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1983.11697860.
When a mammal's bite breaks the skin, aggressive management is indicated to prevent infection and provide for a good cosmetic and functional result. Vigorous irrigation and thorough debridement play a more important role than antibiotics in preventing infection. Whether antibiotics have prophylactic value in this situation remains controversial, but semisynthetic penicillins or cephalosporins may be worth a try in high-risk cases. Suturing may or may not be advisable, depending on cosmetic considerations and risk of infection. Prophylaxis against tetanus is a must, and hepatitis and rabies prophylaxis may also be necessary in selected cases.
当哺乳动物咬伤导致皮肤破损时，需采取积极的处理措施以预防感染，并获得良好的外观和功能恢复效果。在预防感染方面，强力冲洗和彻底清创比使用抗生素更为重要。抗生素在这种情况下是否具有预防价值仍存在争议，但在高风险病例中，半合成青霉素或头孢菌素或许值得一试。是否进行缝合需根据外观因素和感染风险来决定。破伤风预防是必需的，在特定情况下可能还需要进行肝炎和狂犬病预防。
