疼痛与镇痛中的性别差异：性腺激素的作用。

Sex differences in pain and analgesia: the role of gonadal hormones.

作者信息

Craft Rebecca M, Mogil Jeffrey S, Aloisi Anna Maria

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.

出版信息

Eur J Pain. 2004 Oct;8(5):397-411. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.01.003.

DOI:10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.01.003

PMID:15324772

Abstract

There is now strong evidence for sex differences in pain and analgesia. These differences imply that gonadal steroid hormones such as estradiol and testosterone modulate sensitivity to pain and analgesia. The goal of this review is to present an overview of gonadal steroid modulation of pain and analgesia in animals and humans, and to describe mechanisms by which males' and females' biology may differentially predispose them to pain and to analgesic effects of drugs and stress. Evidence is presented to demonstrate that sex differences in pain and analgesia may be both quantitative and qualitative in nature. Current research suggests that sex-specific management of clinical pain will be a reality in the not-so-distant future.

摘要

目前有强有力的证据表明疼痛和镇痛存在性别差异。这些差异意味着诸如雌二醇和睾酮之类的性腺甾体激素可调节对疼痛和镇痛的敏感性。本综述的目的是概述性腺甾体对动物和人类疼痛及镇痛的调节作用，并描述男性和女性的生物学特性可能使其在疼痛及药物和应激镇痛作用方面产生差异倾向的机制。文中提供的证据表明，疼痛和镇痛方面的性别差异在本质上可能既有数量上的，也有质量上的。当前的研究表明，在不久的将来，针对临床疼痛的性别特异性管理将成为现实。