Otto B R, Verweij-van Vught A M, MacLaren D M
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 1992;18(3):217-33. doi: 10.3109/10408419209114559.
The low concentration of free iron in body fluids creates bacteriostatic conditions for many microorganisms and is therefore an important defense factor of the body against invading bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria have developed several mechanisms for acquiring iron from the host. Siderophore-mediated iron uptake involves the synthesis of low molecular weight iron chelators called siderophores which compete with the host iron-binding glycoproteins lactoferrin (LF) and transferrin (TF) for iron. Other ways to induce iron uptake, without the mediation of siderophores, are the possession of outer membrane protein receptors that actually recognize the complex of TF or LF with iron, resulting in the internalization of this metal, and the use of heme-compounds released into the circulation after lysis of erythrocytes. In this review, the nonsiderophore-mediated iron-uptake systems used by certain pathogenic bacteria are emphasized. The possible contribution of these iron-uptake systems to the virulence of pathogens is also discussed.
体液中游离铁的低浓度为许多微生物创造了抑菌条件，因此是机体抵御入侵细菌的重要防御因素。病原菌已发展出多种从宿主获取铁的机制。铁载体介导的铁摄取涉及称为铁载体的低分子量铁螯合剂的合成，这些铁载体与宿主铁结合糖蛋白乳铁蛋白（LF）和转铁蛋白（TF）竞争铁。在没有铁载体介导的情况下，诱导铁摄取的其他方式包括拥有外膜蛋白受体，这些受体实际上识别TF或LF与铁的复合物，从而导致这种金属的内化，以及利用红细胞裂解后释放到循环中的血红素化合物。在这篇综述中，着重介绍了某些病原菌使用的非铁载体介导的铁摄取系统。还讨论了这些铁摄取系统对病原体毒力的可能贡献。
