Ogboghodo I A, Iruaga E K, Osemwota I O, Chokor J U
Department of Soil Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Environ Monit Assess. 2004 Aug-Sep;96(1-3):143-52. doi: 10.1023/b:emas.0000031723.62736.24.
The effect of crude oil pollution on soil properties, germination and height of maize (Zea mays) was investigated under natural environment in three separate pot experiments. Two crude oil types--Forcados light and Escravos light were used. In Experiment 1, the effect of crude oil application on germination using high pollution levels of 5, 15, 25 and 40 mL kg(-1) of soil was assessed. In Experiment 2, the effect of crude oil application on maize plant height using the same pollution levels was assessed. The last experiment (Experiment 3) was used to test for the effects of crude oil application on maize plant height using lower levels of pollution (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mL kg(-1) of soil). Soil samples were collected before, during and after the experiment and analyzed for some physical and chemical properties. Results obtained showed variation in chemical properties of soil. % organic matter increased from 1.34 to 2.62% in polluted soils. Available P decreased from 15.00 ppm in control to between 7.34 and 5.42 in soils polluted with 'high' levels of crude oil. Statistical analysis of height data showed that crude oil inhibited the growth of maize at high pollution levels. High levels of pollution also inhibited germination and for Escravos light there was no germination at 40 mL kg(-1) soil level of crude oil pollution.
在三个独立的盆栽试验中，于自然环境下研究了原油污染对土壤性质、玉米（Zea mays）发芽和株高的影响。使用了两种原油类型——福尔卡多斯轻质原油和埃斯克拉沃斯轻质原油。在试验1中，评估了施加5、15、25和40 mL kg(-1)土壤的高污染水平原油对发芽的影响。在试验2中，评估了施加相同污染水平原油对玉米株高的影响。最后一个试验（试验3）用于测试施加较低污染水平（1.0、1.5、2.0和2.5 mL kg(-1)土壤）原油对玉米株高的影响。在试验前、试验期间和试验后采集土壤样本，并分析其一些物理和化学性质。获得的结果表明土壤化学性质存在差异。污染土壤中的有机质含量从1.34%增加到2.62%。有效磷从对照中的15.00 ppm降至高污染水平原油污染土壤中的7.34至5.42 ppm之间。对株高数据的统计分析表明，在高污染水平下原油抑制了玉米的生长。高污染水平也抑制了发芽，对于埃斯克拉沃斯轻质原油，在40 mL kg(-1)土壤原油污染水平下没有发芽。
