Marques Edward, Darby Heather, Kraft Jana
The Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
The Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
Front Nutr. 2021 Aug 20;8:715287. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.715287. eCollection 2021.
Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FA) play an essential role in human physiology and health. As a result, a variety of n-3 FA-fortified functional foods have become commercially available for human consumption. These fortified functional foods are created through various processes; however, nutri-priming, a potentially promising fortification approach, has not been utilized to develop plant-based n-3 fortified foods. We sought to determine whether nutri-priming is a viable option to enrich seeds and sprouts with n-3 FA. Additionally, we assessed whether n-3 FA nutri-priming would inhibit germination of the primed seeds. To address these goals, we nutri-primed brown flax in three priming solutions, control [0% fish oil (FO)], 10% FO and a 20% FO solution, and determined the FA content and profile of seeds and sprouts and germination percentage of primed seeds. n-3 FA nutri-priming with FO altered the FA profile in seeds and sprouts, with increases in the absolute content of 20:5 n-3, 22:6 n-3, 22:5 n3, 18:4 n-3, and 20:4 n-6. However, n-3 FA nutri-priming did not increase the absolute content of 18:2 n-6, 18:3 n-3, total saturated FA, total monounsaturated FA, total polyunsaturated FA, total n-6 FA, or total n-3 FA. Our results also showed that n-3 nutri-priming decreased the germination percentage of primed seeds, with 10 and 20% FO priming solution reducing germination by 4.3 and 6.2%, respectively. Collectively, n-3 nutri-priming modified the n-3 FA profile in flax; however, the process does not increase the total n-3 FA content and inhibits germination of primed seeds. Further research utilizing different seed types, oil types, and oil concentrations needs to be conducted to fully determine if n-3 nutri-priming is a commercially viable approach for n-3 fortification of seeds and sprouts.
欧米伽-3（n-3）脂肪酸在人体生理和健康中起着至关重要的作用。因此，多种富含n-3脂肪酸的功能性食品已在市场上供人们食用。这些强化功能性食品是通过各种工艺制成的；然而，营养引发作为一种潜在的有前景的强化方法，尚未被用于开发植物性富含n-3的强化食品。我们试图确定营养引发是否是一种可行的方法，用于使种子和芽苗富含n-3脂肪酸。此外，我们评估了n-3脂肪酸营养引发是否会抑制引发种子的萌发。为了实现这些目标，我们将棕色亚麻籽在三种引发溶液中进行营养引发，即对照[0%鱼油（FO）]、10%FO和20%FO溶液，并测定了种子和芽苗的脂肪酸含量及组成以及引发种子的发芽率。用鱼油进行n-3脂肪酸营养引发改变了种子和芽苗中的脂肪酸组成，20:5 n-3、22:6 n-3、22:5 n3、18:4 n-3和20:4 n-6的绝对含量增加。然而，n-3脂肪酸营养引发并未增加18:2 n-6、18:3 n-3、总饱和脂肪酸、总单不饱和脂肪酸、总多不饱和脂肪酸、总n-6脂肪酸或总n-3脂肪酸的绝对含量。我们的结果还表明，n-3营养引发降低了引发种子的发芽率，10%和20%FO引发溶液分别使发芽率降低了4.3%和6.2%。总体而言，n-3营养引发改变了亚麻中的n-3脂肪酸组成；然而，该过程并未增加总n-3脂肪酸含量，且会抑制引发种子的萌发。需要利用不同的种子类型、油类和油浓度进行进一步研究，以全面确定n-3营养引发是否是一种用于种子和芽苗n-3强化的商业可行方法。
