Santos Jesús, Palacios Rosario, Gutierrez Mónica, Grana Mariela, de la Torre Javier, Salgado Fernando, Nuño Enrique, Márquez Manuel
Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Int J STD AIDS. 2004 Sep;15(9):594-6. doi: 10.1258/0956462041724253.
We analyse the characteristics of patients diagnosed with HIV infection in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era in the southeast of Spain. Data were collected on 470 HIV patients diagnosed between January 1997 and December 2002. The number of cases fell over recent years and HIV transmission was sexual in 70.5%. The mean CD4 lymphocyte count was 302.1 x 10(6)/L and the mean viral load 4.70 log(10). Diagnosis of HIV coincided with an AIDS-defining opportunistic illness in 30.6% of patients and a late diagnosis (CD4 < 200 x 10(6)/L) was made in 48.3% of patients. A late diagnosis was related to male gender (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.20-5.12; P < 0.001) and AIDS case (OR 18.80; 95% CI 10.50-33.80; P < 0.00001). These results suggest that there has been a progressive reduction in new cases of HIV-infected patients, with the main route of transmission being sexual and that the diagnosis was late in almost half the patients.
我们分析了西班牙东南部高效抗逆转录病毒治疗时代确诊的HIV感染患者的特征。收集了1997年1月至2002年12月期间确诊的470例HIV患者的数据。近年来病例数有所下降，70.5%的HIV传播途径为性传播。CD4淋巴细胞平均计数为302.1×10⁶/L，病毒载量平均为4.70 log₁₀。30.6%的患者在诊断HIV时伴有艾滋病界定的机会性疾病，48.3%的患者诊断较晚（CD4＜200×10⁶/L）。诊断较晚与男性性别（比值比2.50；95%可信区间1.20 - 5.12；P＜0.001）和艾滋病病例（比值比18.80；95%可信区间10.50 - 33.80；P＜0.00001）有关。这些结果表明，HIV感染患者的新发病例数逐渐减少，主要传播途径为性传播，且近半数患者诊断较晚。
