Guntinas-Lichius O, Sittel C
Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln.
HNO. 2004 Dec;52(12):1115-30; quiz 1131-2. doi: 10.1007/s00106-004-1143-8.
The facial nerve has a complicated course from the brainstem to the periphery. It not only contains motor, but also secretory, sensory, and sensitive fibres. Thus, the functional measure of symptoms can be multi-faceted. The nerve is not directly accessible over an extensive distance because of its long course through the temporal bone. Therefore, diagnostics of nerve function and the differential diagnostics of its diseases could be a great challenge for the otolaryngologist. In this review, the most important methods for clinical examination, electrodiagnostics, and modern imaging techniques are critically surveyed. In addition, the significance of facial nerve monitoring for surgery in the cerebello-pontine angle, parotid surgery, and ear surgery is presented.
面神经从脑干到外周的走行复杂。它不仅包含运动纤维，还包含分泌、感觉和敏感纤维。因此，症状的功能评估可能是多方面的。由于面神经在颞骨内走行长，在很长一段距离内无法直接触及。因此，对面神经功能的诊断及其疾病的鉴别诊断可能是耳鼻喉科医生面临的巨大挑战。在这篇综述中，对临床检查、电诊断和现代成像技术的最重要方法进行了批判性审视。此外，还介绍了面神经监测在桥小脑角手术、腮腺手术和耳部手术中的意义。
