Fisler J S
Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90024.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Jul;56(1 Suppl):230S-234S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/56.1.230S.
A major concern with the use of starvation or semistarvation diets for weight reduction in severely obese people has been the reports of sudden death due to ventricular arrhythmias. Obesity per se is associated with cardiovascular changes, including left ventricular hypertrophy and prolongation of the QT interval. With weight loss, the mass of the heart and left ventricle decrease, but some signs of left ventricular dysfunction remain. The effect of weight loss on the electrocardiogram abnormalities of obesity appears to depend upon diet duration and upon whether protein and mineral nutritional status is maintained. Copper, potassium, and magnesium deficiencies may play important roles in promoting an electrically unstable heart. Stress, by eliciting autonomic imbalance, may act upon an electrically unstable heart to provoke acute arrhythmias in a subset of the obese population with QT interval prolongation.
在严重肥胖人群中，使用饥饿或半饥饿饮食来减轻体重，一个主要问题是有报告称会因室性心律失常而猝死。肥胖本身与心血管变化有关，包括左心室肥厚和QT间期延长。随着体重减轻，心脏和左心室的质量会下降，但左心室功能障碍的一些迹象仍然存在。体重减轻对肥胖者心电图异常的影响似乎取决于饮食持续时间以及蛋白质和矿物质营养状况是否得到维持。铜、钾和镁缺乏可能在促使心脏电不稳定方面发挥重要作用。压力通过引发自主神经失衡，可能作用于电不稳定的心脏，在一部分QT间期延长的肥胖人群中引发急性心律失常。
