儿童和青少年的体脂与血压升高、总胆固醇及血清脂蛋白比率的风险
Body fatness and risk for elevated blood pressure, total cholesterol, and serum lipoprotein ratios in children and adolescents.
作者信息
Williams D P, Going S B, Lohman T G, Harsha D W, Srinivasan S R, Webber L S, Berenson G S
机构信息
Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1992 Mar;82(3):358-63. doi: 10.2105/ajph.82.3.358.
BACKGROUND
Recent studies have shown considerable variation in body fatness among children and adolescents defined as obese by a percentile rank for skinfold thickness.
METHODS
We examined the relationship between percent body fat and risk for elevated blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and serum lipoprotein ratios in a biracial sample of 3320 children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years. Equations developed specifically for children using the sum of subscapular (S) and triceps (T) skinfolds were used to estimate percent fat. The S/T ratio provided an index of trunkal fat patterning.
RESULTS
Significant overrepresentation (greater than 20%) of the uppermost quintile (UQ) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors was evident at or above 25% fat in males (32.2% to 37.3% in UQ) and at or above 30% fat in females (26.6% to 45.4% in UQ), even after adjusting for age, race, fasting status, and trunkal fat patterning.
CONCLUSIONS
These data support the concept of body fatness standards in White and Black children and adolescents as significant predictors of CVD risk factors. Potential applications of these obesity standards include epidemiologic surveys, pediatric health screenings, and youth fitness tests.
背景
近期研究表明，对于通过皮褶厚度百分位数定义为肥胖的儿童和青少年，其身体脂肪含量存在显著差异。
方法
我们在一个包含3320名5至18岁儿童和青少年的双种族样本中，研究了体脂百分比与血压升高、血清总胆固醇以及血清脂蛋白比率风险之间的关系。使用专门为儿童开发的、基于肩胛下（S）和肱三头肌（T）皮褶厚度总和的公式来估算脂肪百分比。S/T比率提供了躯干脂肪分布模式的指标。
结果
即使在对年龄、种族、空腹状态和躯干脂肪分布模式进行调整之后，男性体脂率达到或超过25%（最高五分位数[UQ]为32.2%至37.3%）以及女性体脂率达到或超过30%（UQ为26.6%至45.4%）时，心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素的最高五分位数（UQ）明显过度代表（超过20%）。
结论
这些数据支持将白人和黑人儿童及青少年的身体脂肪标准作为CVD风险因素的重要预测指标这一概念。这些肥胖标准的潜在应用包括流行病学调查、儿科健康筛查和青少年体能测试。
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