Daly Janet M, Yates Philip J, Newton J Richard, Park Andrew, Henley William, Wood James L N, Davis-Poynter Nick, Mumford Jennifer A
Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK.
Vaccine. 2004 Sep 28;22(29-30):4101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.02.048.
Two lineages of antigenically distinct equine influenza A H3N8 subtype viruses, American and European, co-circulate. Experiments were conducted in ponies to investigate the protection induced by vaccines containing virus from one lineage against challenge infection with homologous or heterologous virus. Regression analysis showed that vaccinated ponies with average pre-challenge single radial haemolysis (SRH) antibody levels (i.e. 45-190mm2) had a higher probability of becoming infected if they were vaccinated with virus heterologous to the challenge strain than if they were vaccinated with homologous virus. Field studies in Thoroughbred racehorses also showed that SRH antibody levels of >/= 150mm2 induced by vaccines containing a European lineage strain are protective against infection with a virus from the same lineage, but that the same or higher antibody levels may not be protective against an American lineage virus. In conclusion, vaccines should contain virus strains representative of both H3N8 subtype lineages to maximise protection against infection.
两种抗原性不同的甲型H3N8亚型马流感病毒谱系，即美洲谱系和欧洲谱系，共同传播。在小马身上进行了实验，以研究含有一个谱系病毒的疫苗对同源或异源病毒攻击感染所诱导的保护作用。回归分析表明，接种疫苗的小马在攻毒前平均单向辐射溶血（SRH）抗体水平（即45-190mm2）时，如果接种的是与攻击毒株异源的病毒，比接种同源病毒时更有可能被感染。在纯种赛马中的现场研究还表明，含有欧洲谱系毒株的疫苗诱导的SRH抗体水平≥150mm2可预防同一谱系病毒的感染，但相同或更高的抗体水平可能无法预防美洲谱系病毒的感染。总之，疫苗应包含代表H3N8亚型两个谱系的病毒株，以最大程度地预防感染。
