Newton J Richard, Geraghty Robert J, Castillo-Olivares Javier, Cardwell Jacqueline M, Mumford Jennifer A
Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 7UU, UK.
Vaccine. 2004 Sep 28;22(29-30):4117-23. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.02.052.
Several laboratories worldwide have recently experienced problems related to serum cytotoxicity with the equine arteritis virus (EAV) neutralisation test (VN) when using Office International des Epizooties (OIE) reference laboratory prescribed rabbit kidney (RK-13) indicator cells. Cytotoxicity can be mistaken for viral cytopathic effect and has led to increasing difficulties in test interpretation, consequently causing disruption to both equine breeding and disease surveillance. Results from experimental and field-derived data suggest that this serum cytotoxicity is associated with use of a tissue-culture-derived equine herpesvirus vaccine, probably manifested through a vaccine-induced anti-cellular antibody response directed against RK-13 cells. Two alternative EAV VN methods were shown to significantly reduce the effects of cytotoxicity (from 73 to <5% prevalence) among vaccinated horses but did not completely eliminate the problem. Use of ELISA-based tests, which are not affected by serum cytotoxicity but which are not currently recognised as international standards, should be evaluated as a useful backup in screening equine sera for EAV VN antibodies.
最近，全球几家实验室在使用国际兽疫局（OIE）参考实验室规定的兔肾（RK - 13）指示细胞进行马动脉炎病毒（EAV）中和试验（VN）时，遇到了与血清细胞毒性相关的问题。细胞毒性可能会被误认为是病毒细胞病变效应，导致试验结果解释的难度不断增加，从而对马的繁殖和疾病监测造成干扰。实验数据和现场数据结果表明，这种血清细胞毒性与使用组织培养衍生的马疱疹病毒疫苗有关，可能是通过疫苗诱导的针对RK - 13细胞的抗细胞抗体反应表现出来的。两种替代的EAV VN方法被证明能显著降低接种疫苗马匹中细胞毒性的影响（患病率从73%降至<5%），但并未完全消除该问题。基于ELISA的检测方法不受血清细胞毒性的影响，但目前尚未被认可为国际标准，应作为筛选马血清中EAV VN抗体的有用备用方法进行评估。
