Sibeko L N, Dhansay M A, Charlton K E, Johns T, Van Stuijvenberg M E, Gray-Donald K
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9.
Public Health Nutr. 2004 Sep;7(6):813-20. doi: 10.1079/phn2004612.
There is a paucity of data on the micronutrient status of low-income, lactating South African women and their infants under 6 months of age. The aim of this study was to elucidate the level of anaemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in peri-urban breast-feeding women and their young infants.
Cross-sectional study including anthropometric, biochemical and infant feeding data.
Peri-urban settlement in Cape Town, South Africa.
Breast-feeding women (n=113) and their infants (aged 1-6 months) attending a peri-urban clinic.
Mean (standard deviation (SD)) haemoglobin (Hb) of the lactating mothers was 12.4 (1.3) g dl(-1), with 32% found to be anaemic (Hb<12 g dl(-1)). Maternal serum retinol was 49.8 (SD 13.3) microg dl(-1), with 4.5% VAD. Using breast milk, mean (SD) retinol concentration was found to be 70.6 (24.6) microg dl(-1) and 15.7 (8.3) microg/g milk fat, with 13% below the cut-off level of <8 microg/g fat. There was no correlation found between breast milk retinol and infant serum retinol. Z-scores (SD) of height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height were -0.69 (0.81), 0.89 (1.01) and 1.78 (0.83), respectively. Mean (SD) infant Hb was 10.9 (1.1) g dl(-1), with the prevalence of anaemia being 50%, 33% and 12% using Hb cut-offs below 11 g dl(-1), 10.5 g dl(-1) and 9.5 g dl(-1), respectively. Mean (SD) infant serum retinol was 26.9 (7.2) microg dl(-1), with 10% being VAD. None of the infants was exclusively breast-fed, 22% were predominantly breast-fed and 78% received complementary (mixed) breast-feeding. Thirty-two per cent of infants received weaning foods at an exceptionally young age (< or =1 month old).
A high rate of anaemia is present in lactating women residing in resource-poor settings. Moreover, their seemingly healthy infants under 6 months of age are at an elevated risk of developing early-onset anaemia and at lower risk of VAD.
关于低收入的南非哺乳期妇女及其6个月以下婴儿的微量营养素状况的数据匮乏。本研究的目的是阐明城市周边地区母乳喂养妇女及其幼儿的贫血水平和维生素A缺乏（VAD）情况。
横断面研究，包括人体测量、生化和婴儿喂养数据。
南非开普敦的城市周边定居点。
在城市周边诊所就诊的母乳喂养妇女（n = 113）及其婴儿（1 - 6个月大）。
哺乳期母亲的平均（标准差（SD））血红蛋白（Hb）为12.4（1.3）g/dl（-1），发现32%的人贫血（Hb < 12 g/dl（-1））。母亲血清视黄醇为49.8（标准差13.3）μg/dl（-1），维生素A缺乏率为4.5%。使用母乳，发现平均（标准差）视黄醇浓度为70.6（24.6）μg/dl（-1）和15.7（8.3）μg/g乳脂肪，13%低于<8 μg/g脂肪的临界水平。母乳视黄醇与婴儿血清视黄醇之间未发现相关性。年龄别身高、年龄别体重和身高别体重的Z评分（标准差）分别为-0.69（0.81）、0.89（1.01）和1.78（0.83）。婴儿平均（标准差）Hb为10.9（1.1）g/dl（-1），分别采用低于11 g/dl（-1）、10.5 g/dl（-1）和9.5 g/dl（-1）的Hb临界值时，贫血患病率分别为50%、33%和12%。婴儿平均（标准差）血清视黄醇为26.9（7.2）μg/dl（-1），维生素A缺乏率为10%。没有婴儿纯母乳喂养，22%主要母乳喂养，78%接受混合（添加辅食）母乳喂养。32%的婴儿在非常小的年龄（≤1个月大）就开始添加断奶食品。
生活在资源匮乏地区的哺乳期妇女贫血率很高。此外，她们看似健康的6个月以下婴儿患早发性贫血的风险增加，而患维生素A缺乏的风险较低。
Zotero 插件