Olaya Gilma A, Lawson Margaret, Fewtrell Mary
*Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javariana, Bogota, Colombia †Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017 Mar;64(3):465-471. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001301.
The optimal age for introducing complementary feeding to breast-fed infants may differ depending on the setting. Prolonged exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) protects against infection but may increase the risk of iron deficiency (ID)/anaemia (IDA) in vulnerable infants. The aim of the present study was to compare haemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), anaemia (Hb < 11 g/L), ID (SF < 12 μg/L) and IDA (Hb < 10.5 g/dL + Hct < 33% + ID) using observational analyses in 6-month old infants from Bogota, Colombia who were EBF for 4 to 5 versus 6 months or older, and examine predictors.
Infant feeding was recorded, anthropometry performed, and blood obtained for Hb and SF at 6 months in healthy term infants (birth weight > 2500 g), all EBF for ≥4 months.
One hundred eight infants (54% boys) were recruited; 46% EBF for 4 to 5 months, 54% EBF at 6 months. Prevalence of anaemia, ID, and IDA was 20%, 10%, and 5%, with no significant difference between EBF4-5 and EBF6 groups. In multivariate models, anaemia/ID were predicted by greater weight gain from 0 to 6 months, and anaemia also by caesarean delivery; Hb was lower in infants with higher intake of cows' milk; SF was lower in boys and those with greater weight gain. EBF4-5 versus EBF6 was not a significant predictor of any outcome.
Anaemia and ID were common at 6 months but were not affected by EBF for 4 to 5 versus 6 months, suggesting 6 months EBF is safe in this population. Further research is, however, required to examine effects on later iron status. The findings highlight the need to emphasise avoidance of cow's milk before 12 months.
对于母乳喂养的婴儿，引入辅食的最佳年龄可能因环境而异。延长纯母乳喂养（EBF）可预防感染，但可能会增加脆弱婴儿缺铁（ID）/贫血（IDA）的风险。本研究的目的是通过观察性分析，比较哥伦比亚波哥大6个月大的婴儿中，纯母乳喂养4至5个月与6个月及以上的婴儿的血红蛋白（Hb）、血清铁蛋白（SF）、贫血（Hb<11 g/L）、缺铁（SF<12μg/L）和缺铁性贫血（Hb<10.5 g/dL + 红细胞压积<33% + ID）情况，并检查预测因素。
记录婴儿喂养情况，进行人体测量，并在6个月时采集健康足月儿（出生体重>2500 g）的血液以检测Hb和SF，所有婴儿均纯母乳喂养≥4个月。
招募了108名婴儿（54%为男孩）；46%纯母乳喂养4至5个月，54%纯母乳喂养6个月。贫血、缺铁和缺铁性贫血的患病率分别为20%、1
