Li W, Fan J, Chen M, Woodley D T
The Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and the USC/Norris Cancer Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90033, USA.
Histol Histopathol. 2004 Oct;19(4):1311-24. doi: 10.14670/HH-19.1311.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) in contact with the cells and the soluble growth factors (GFs) binding to their cell surface receptors are the two main signals that directly regulate cell motility. Human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts are two primary cell types in skin that must undergo migration for skin wounds to heal. In this cell migration, ECMs play an "active" role by providing the cells with both focal adhesions and a migration-initiating signal, even in the absence of GFs. In contrast, GFs cannot initiate cell migration in the absence of a pro-migratory ECM. Rather, GFs play a "passive" role by enhancing the ECM-initiated motility and giving the moving cells directionality. Inside the cells, the initiation signal of the ECM and the optimization signals of the GFs are propagated by both overlapping and discrete signaling networks. However, activation of no single signaling pathway by itself is sufficient to replace the role of ECMs or GFs. This review focuses on our current understanding of both the individual and the combined functions of ECMs and GFs in the control of skin cell motility. An abbreviation of the terminologies used in this article is provided.
与细胞接触的细胞外基质（ECM）以及与其细胞表面受体结合的可溶性生长因子（GFs）是直接调节细胞迁移的两个主要信号。人角质形成细胞和真皮成纤维细胞是皮肤中的两种主要细胞类型，皮肤伤口愈合时它们必须进行迁移。在这种细胞迁移过程中，即使在没有生长因子的情况下，细胞外基质也通过为细胞提供粘着斑和迁移起始信号发挥“主动”作用。相比之下，在没有促迁移细胞外基质的情况下，生长因子无法启动细胞迁移。相反，生长因子通过增强细胞外基质启动的迁移并为移动的细胞提供方向性发挥“被动”作用。在细胞内部，细胞外基质的起始信号和生长因子的优化信号通过重叠和离散的信号网络进行传递。然而，单独激活任何一条信号通路都不足以替代细胞外基质或生长因子的作用。本综述重点关注我们目前对细胞外基质和生长因子在控制皮肤细胞迁移中的个体功能和联合功能的理解。本文提供了所用术语的缩写。
