人体吸入谷物粉尘和氨气的实验暴露：迈向集约化动物饲养作业模型
Experimental human exposure to inhaled grain dust and ammonia: towards a model of concentrated animal feeding operations.
作者信息
Sigurdarson Sigurdur T, O'Shaughnessy Patrick T, Watt Janet A, Kline Joel N
机构信息
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2004 Oct;46(4):345-8. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20055.
BACKGROUND
Ammonia and endotoxin-rich dust are present in high concentrations in swine confinement facilities; exposure to this environment is linked to workers' respiratory problems. We hypothesized that experimental exposure to ammonia and dust would impair pulmonary function, and that these exposures would be synergistic.
METHODS
We exposed six normal subjects and eight subjects with mild asthma to ammonia (16-25 ppm) and/or endotoxin-rich grain dust (4 mg/m3). Pulmonary function and exhaled NOx were measured before and after exposure.
RESULTS
There was no significant change in pulmonary function in the normal subjects following any of the exposure conditions. Among asthmatics, a significant transient decrease in FEV1 was induced by grain dust, but was not altered by ammonia; increased bronchial hyperreactivity was also noted in this group.
CONCLUSION
In a vulnerable population, exposure to grain dust results in transient airflow obstruction. Short-term exposure to ammonia does not increase this response.
背景
养猪场设施中存在高浓度的氨和富含内毒素的粉尘；接触这种环境与工人的呼吸问题有关。我们假设，实验性接触氨和粉尘会损害肺功能，并且这些接触具有协同作用。
方法
我们让6名正常受试者和8名轻度哮喘受试者接触氨（16 - 25 ppm）和/或富含内毒素的谷物粉尘（4 mg/m³）。在接触前后测量肺功能和呼出的氮氧化物。
结果
在任何接触条件下，正常受试者的肺功能均无显著变化。在哮喘患者中，谷物粉尘导致第一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）显著短暂下降，但氨未改变这一情况；该组还出现支气管高反应性增加。
结论
在易感人群中，接触谷物粉尘会导致短暂的气流阻塞。短期接触氨不会增加这种反应。
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