Obando Patricia, Kliewer Wendy, Murrelle Lenn, Svikis Dace S
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 612 North Lombardy Street. P.O. Box 843033, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004 Oct 5;76(1):37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.008.
Patterns of comorbidity between depressive symptoms and substance use were examined simultaneously in community and clinical-based samples of 5268 Costa Rican adolescents, ages 12-20, through a series of descriptive, ANCOVA and logistic regression analyses. Groups surveyed included high school students, street youth, and youth in treatment for substance abuse problems. Results revealed significant group differences in substance use and significant correlations between depressive symptoms and problems with alcohol and drugs. The association between depressive symptoms and overall substance use involvement was significant for all youth, but strongest for female street youth. Logistic regression analyses revealed that depressive symptoms were associated with increased odds of specific substance use for all three groups, though in the case of street youth and youth in treatment, these associations only were observed in males. Analyses of covariance indicated that problems with drugs and alcohol differed across group and sex. Youth in treatment had more problems with drugs and alcohol than other groups. Among street youth, males had more problems with drugs than females. This study provides a unique cross-cultural perspective on the comorbidity of depression and substance use among youth, and allows for comparative analyses between community and clinical-based participants.
通过一系列描述性分析、协方差分析和逻辑回归分析，对5268名年龄在12至20岁之间的哥斯达黎加青少年的社区样本和临床样本同时进行了抑郁症状与物质使用之间的共病模式研究。接受调查的群体包括高中生、街头青年以及因物质滥用问题接受治疗的青年。结果显示，在物质使用方面存在显著的群体差异，并且抑郁症状与酒精和药物问题之间存在显著相关性。抑郁症状与总体物质使用参与之间的关联在所有青年中都很显著，但在女性街头青年中最为强烈。逻辑回归分析显示，抑郁症状与所有三组特定物质使用的几率增加有关，不过就街头青年和接受治疗的青年而言，这些关联仅在男性中观察到。协方差分析表明，药物和酒精问题在群体和性别之间存在差异。接受治疗的青年比其他群体有更多的药物和酒精问题。在街头青年中，男性的药物问题比女性更多。这项研究为青少年抑郁症与物质使用的共病提供了独特的跨文化视角，并允许对社区参与者和临床参与者进行比较分析。
