Kaye J A, DeCarli C, Luxenberg J S, Rapoport S I
Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1992 Mar;40(3):225-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb02073.x.
(1) To establish the range of cerebral atrophy across the adult age spectrum in optimally healthy, rigorously evaluated individuals. (2) To determine, across the age spectrum, the relation of gender and cerebral atrophy (as measured by ventricular enlargement) to cognitive function.
Cross-sectional comparison by age and gender.
Ambulatory research unit.
Sixty-four healthy men (mean age +/- SD = 49 +/- 18 yr) and 43 healthy women (51 +/- 18 yr) volunteers enrolled in a longitudinal study of healthy aging. The population was selected for optimal health; all were rigorously screened to exclude medical and psychiatric illness.
Brain atrophy by CT scan and cognitive function by standardized neuropsychological testing.
After correction for inter-subject variability in cranial volume, women had smaller lateral, but not third, ventricles. For both genders, there were significant differences with age in ventricular volume. After an approximately constant 20% increase in ventricular volume per decade in both genders, a precipitous increase in volume was found beginning in the fifth decade in men and in the sixth decade in women. In men and women, there was a significant negative correlation between ventricular volume and the sum of performance scale scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WPSS) but not in the sum of the verbal scale scores (WVSS). However, after controlling for age, ventricular volume no longer significantly contributed to the relation between age and WPSS.
In unequivocally healthy individuals, gender plays an important role in age-associated central cerebral atrophy as measured by progressive ventricular enlargement. Increase in ventricle volume independent of age, does not explain normal age-related declines seen in WPSS scores.
（1）确定在健康状况最佳且经过严格评估的成年人中，整个成年年龄范围内脑萎缩的程度。（2）确定在整个年龄范围内，性别及脑萎缩（通过脑室扩大测量）与认知功能之间的关系。
按年龄和性别进行横断面比较。
门诊研究单位。
64名健康男性（平均年龄±标准差=49±18岁）和43名健康女性（51±18岁）志愿者，他们参与了一项关于健康老龄化的纵向研究。该人群因健康状况最佳而被选中；所有人都经过严格筛查以排除医学和精神疾病。
通过CT扫描测量脑萎缩，通过标准化神经心理测试评估认知功能。
在校正颅内容积的个体间变异性后，女性的侧脑室较小，但第三脑室无差异。对于两性而言，脑室容积随年龄存在显著差异。两性脑室容积每十年均有大约20%的持续增加，之后发现男性在第五个十年、女性在第六个十年开始出现脑室容积的急剧增加。在男性和女性中，脑室容积与韦氏成人智力量表操作量表得分总和之间存在显著负相关，但与言语量表得分总和无显著负相关。然而，在控制年龄后，脑室容积对年龄与操作量表得分总和之间的关系不再有显著影响。
在绝对健康的个体中，性别在与年龄相关的中枢脑萎缩（通过渐进性脑室扩大测量）中起重要作用。独立于年龄的脑室容积增加并不能解释韦氏成人智力量表操作量表得分中正常的年龄相关下降。
