Kähkönen Seppo
BioMag Laboratory, Medical Engineering Centre, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 340, FIN-00029 HUS, Finland.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;28(6):937-41. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.05.039.
Alcohol withdrawal (AW) is often accompanied by functional cardiovascular abnormalities which return to normal in few days. However, in some patients, they can predict future alterations in the cardiovascular system, even if they remain in abstinence. These changes are mediated by several central and peripheral mechanisms closely related to AW. The level of activation in the sympathetic nervous system is an important factor regulating the functioning of the cardiovascular system in AW directly and/or indirectly with L-type calcium channels and nitric oxide (NO). Other factors may contribute to cardiovascular alterations in AW including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, vasopressin, cortisol and sodium sensitivity. Monitoring of the cardiovascular system is needed in patients undergoing treatment for AW. The patients with elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after resolution of AW may require a fuller work-up of their cardiovascular system.
酒精戒断（AW）常伴有功能性心血管异常，这些异常在数天内会恢复正常。然而，在一些患者中，即使他们保持戒酒状态，这些异常也可能预示着未来心血管系统的改变。这些变化是由与酒精戒断密切相关的几种中枢和外周机制介导的。交感神经系统的激活水平是直接和/或间接通过L型钙通道和一氧化氮（NO）调节酒精戒断时心血管系统功能的一个重要因素。其他因素可能导致酒精戒断时的心血管改变，包括肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统、血管加压素、皮质醇和钠敏感性。接受酒精戒断治疗的患者需要监测心血管系统。酒精戒断症状缓解后收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）升高的患者可能需要对其心血管系统进行更全面的检查。
