Langen Barbara, Fink Heidrun
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Koserstr. 20, Berlin 14195, Germany.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;28(6):961-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.05.002.
Many clinical studies based on retrospective self-reports indicate a relationship between anxiety and increased alcohol consumption or relapse in individuals with alcohol abuse or dependence. However, by these retrospective studies it cannot be definitely concluded whether the alcohol abuse or the anxiety was first. In the present study, alcohol-consuming behaviour was determined in three rat strains showing different anxiety-related behaviour but being not genetically selected for high or low alcohol consumption. The innate anxiety of the three rat strains (Harlan-Fischer, Wistar-BgVV and Wistar-Harlan) was measured by the elevated plus maze test. Thereafter voluntary ethanol intake was measured for 3 months followed by a progressive ratio paradigm, in which the number of responses required to obtain alcohol was successively increased during session. The point at which rats ceased to respond (breaking point) was taken as a measure of their motivation to obtain ethanol. The study revealed that Harlan-Fischer rats showing most anxiety-related behaviour in the elevated plus maze test displayed the lowest ethanol intake [g/kg/d b.w.] and the lowest breaking points in the progressive ratio paradigm. The Wistar-Harlan rats with least anxiety-related behaviour and the Wistar-BgVV rats with medium anxiety-related behaviour drank more alcohol and showed higher breaking points than the Harlan-Fischer rats. Thus, in the present study, a distinct relationship between innate anxiety and alcohol-consuming behaviour in rat strains not genetically selected for high and low ethanol intake could not be shown.
许多基于回顾性自我报告的临床研究表明，焦虑与酒精滥用或依赖个体的酒精摄入量增加或复饮之间存在关联。然而，通过这些回顾性研究，无法确切得出酒精滥用和焦虑哪个先出现。在本研究中，在三种表现出不同焦虑相关行为但未经过高或低酒精摄入量基因选择的大鼠品系中测定了饮酒行为。通过高架十字迷宫试验测量了这三种大鼠品系（哈兰 - 费舍尔、Wistar - BgVV和Wistar - 哈兰）的先天焦虑。此后，测量了3个月的自愿乙醇摄入量，随后采用渐进比率范式，即在实验过程中获取酒精所需的反应次数依次增加。将大鼠停止反应的点（断点）作为它们获取乙醇动机的衡量标准。研究表明，在高架十字迷宫试验中表现出最多焦虑相关行为的哈兰 - 费舍尔大鼠，其乙醇摄入量[克/千克/天体重]最低，在渐进比率范式中的断点也最低。与哈兰 - 费舍尔大鼠相比，焦虑相关行为最少的Wistar - 哈兰大鼠和焦虑相关行为中等的Wistar - BgVV大鼠饮酒更多，断点更高。因此，在本研究中，在未经过高和低乙醇摄入量基因选择的大鼠品系中，未显示出先天焦虑与饮酒行为之间存在明显关系。
