Mi Baoxia, Eaton Courtney L, Kim Jae-Hong, Colvin Christian K, Lozier James C, Mariñas Benito J
University of Illinois, 205 North Mathews, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Water Res. 2004 Nov;38(18):3821-32. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.07.004.
The removal of bacteriophage MS2 and fluorescent-dyed polystyrene microspheres with intact and purposely compromised spiral-wound RO membrane elements was investigated. MS2 rejection with intact membrane elements was >99.9995%. A model developed for data evaluation revealed that the advective passage of MS2 through imperfections of intact membrane elements was <2 x 10(-5)% of the overall product water flow produced. The advective passage of MS2 and microspheres through a pinhole induced in one of the elements was 0.05-0.1% of the overall product water flow. Prolonged testing of both intact and compromised elements resulted in increased MS2 rejection corresponding to advective MS2 passage through membrane imperfections of <3 x 10(-7)% of the overall product water flow. The permeate flow rate obtained with an element with a larger pinhole was 5-13% greater than that of the intact element, and the corresponding rejection of MS2 and microspheres was similar to that observed for sodium chloride. The use of a cracked o-ring in the connection of the permeate tube to the element vessel end-cup resulted in advective passage of MS2 through the crack of <0.0001% of the overall permeate flow.
研究了使用完整的和特意破坏的螺旋卷式反渗透膜元件去除噬菌体MS2和荧光染色聚苯乙烯微球的情况。完整膜元件对MS2的截留率>99.9995%。开发用于数据评估的模型表明，MS2通过完整膜元件缺陷的平流通过率小于总产水流的2×10⁻⁵%。MS2和微球通过其中一个元件中诱导的针孔的平流通过率为总产水流的0.05 - 0.1%。对完整和受损元件进行长时间测试后，MS2截留率增加，对应于MS2通过膜缺陷的平流通过率小于总产水流的3×10⁻⁷%。针孔较大的元件获得的渗透流速比完整元件高5 - 13%，并且对MS2和微球的相应截留率与氯化钠的截留率相似。在渗透管与元件容器端杯的连接处使用破裂的O形环导致MS2通过裂缝的平流通过率小于总渗透流的0.0001%。
