Schütt-Abraham I, Knauer-Kraetzl B, Wormuth H J
Institut für Veterinärmedizin des Bundesgesundheitsamtes.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1992 Jan 1;105(1):10-5.
78 rabbits of mixed breed and about 3 kg live weight were stunned before slaughter with a commercial spring operated captive bolt apparatus designed for rabbits and water fowl. The following reaction patterns were observed: 1.) Immediate onset of tonic spasm, followed by weak to heavy clonic spasms and/or subsequent relaxation; irreversible loss of corneal reflex and cessation of respiration: effective and irreversible stun tantamount to killing 2.) Same reaction as before except that respiration restarted after 1/2 to 2 min: effective but only temporary stun 3.) Similar reaction as before, but respiration maintained: insufficient stun 4.) Immediate onset of weak tonic spasm; respiration and corneal reflex maintained: insufficient stun. According to this classification 56 rabbits (72%) were killed outright and 18 (23%) temporarily stunned while in 4 (5%) the stun was ineffective. The captive bolt apparatus proved thus to be principally suited for the stunning resp. killing of slaughter rabbits. The best stunning results were obtained with shots into the parietal bone near the sagittal line but not hitting the bone sutures. To achieve this the apparatus has to be placed slightly paramedian on the front as close to the ears as possible. Insufficient stunning results could be blamed on deviating shooting positions. To avoid misses a good fixation of the animal including its head is necessary. Correct application provided the use of penetrating concussion stunners should be preferred to applying a blow to the neck for stunning rabbits.
选用78只杂种兔，平均体重约3千克，在屠宰前使用一种专门为兔和水禽设计的商用弹簧式固定螺栓击晕器进行击晕。观察到以下反应模式：1.）立即出现强直性痉挛，随后出现轻度至重度阵挛性痉挛和/或随后的松弛；角膜反射不可逆丧失和呼吸停止：有效且不可逆的击晕等同于致其死亡 2.）与之前相同的反应，但呼吸在1/2至2分钟后重新开始：有效但只是暂时的击晕 3.）与之前类似的反应，但呼吸得以维持：击晕不足 4.）立即出现轻度强直性痉挛；呼吸和角膜反射得以维持：击晕不足。根据这一分类，56只兔子（72%）被直接击晕致死，18只（23%）被暂时击晕，而4只（5%）的击晕无效。因此，固定螺栓击晕器被证明主要适用于屠宰兔的击晕或致死。在矢状线附近的顶骨处射击但不击中骨缝时，能获得最佳的击晕效果。要做到这一点，击晕器必须稍微偏向中线置于前部，尽可能靠近耳朵。击晕效果不佳可能归咎于射击位置偏差。为避免失误，必须对动物包括其头部进行良好固定。正确使用穿透性震荡击晕器时，应优先于击打颈部来击晕兔子。
