Mettlin C
Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263.
Cancer. 1992 Apr 1;69(7 Suppl):1904-10. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19920401)69:7+<1904::aid-cncr2820691705>3.0.co;2-a.
The analytic epidemiology of breast cancer has identified several risk factors that may be the bases for developing preventive interventions and refining screening guidelines. Breast cancer risk factors include both personal and environmental sources of risk. The available data, however, do not yet support the feasibility of large scale preventive interventions. Controlled trials will be needed to assess the effectiveness of those approaches. Knowledge of risk factors may be used by physicians to tailor their recommendations for individual patients. Risk factor data also may be used to modify screening recommendations for special populations. A family history of breast cancer may be a basis for modifying screening recommendations but this may be appropriate only for a subset of women with breast cancer in a relative.
乳腺癌的分析性流行病学已经确定了若干风险因素，这些因素可能是制定预防干预措施和完善筛查指南的基础。乳腺癌风险因素包括个人和环境风险源。然而，现有数据尚不支持大规模预防干预措施的可行性。需要进行对照试验来评估这些方法的有效性。医生可利用风险因素知识为个体患者量身定制建议。风险因素数据也可用于修改针对特殊人群的筛查建议。乳腺癌家族史可能是修改筛查建议的依据，但这可能仅适用于有亲属患乳腺癌的部分女性。
