Mechri Anwar, Zaafrane Férid, Mrad Amel, Khiari Geneviève, Dogui Mohamed, Gaha Lotfi
Unité de Recherche en Santé Mentale (0* UR 08 08), Service de Psychiatrie, EPS Fattouma Bourguiba de Monastir, Tunisie.
Tunis Med. 2004 May;82(5):431-7.
Seasonal affective disorder is considered as a clinical subtype of major depression. The criteria for seasonal pattern has been recently described in the international classification of mental disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with major depression and with a seasonal and a non seasonal pattern. The study was conducted at the psychiatric ward at Monastir university hospital. 16 inpatients with major depression and seasonal pattern, diagnosed with DSM-IV criteria, were matched in age, sex and diagnostic sub-type to 32 inpatients with non seasonal mood disorders. Clinical symptoms and short term course during the most recent depressive episode were obtained. The onset of the depression with seasonal pattern was frequently in winter. It was marked by significantly higher rates of anxiety. The patients with seasonal depression had significantly higher rates of dysphoria, atypical vegetative symptomatology and lower rates of psychotic characteristics and suicidal thoughts. No differences were found as to the psychiatric family histories or the age at the first depressive episode. This study could focus of the novel psychiatric entity and may lead to the development of the genetic and neurobiologic research related to seasonal affective disorder.
季节性情感障碍被视为重度抑郁症的一种临床亚型。季节性模式的标准最近已在国际精神障碍分类中有所描述。本研究的目的是比较重度抑郁症患者中具有季节性模式和非季节性模式的患者的临床特征。该研究在莫纳斯提尔大学医院的精神科病房进行。16名符合DSM-IV标准、患有重度抑郁症且具有季节性模式的住院患者，在年龄、性别和诊断子类型方面与32名患有非季节性情绪障碍的住院患者进行匹配。获取了最近一次抑郁发作期间的临床症状和短期病程。具有季节性模式的抑郁症发作通常在冬季。其特点是焦虑发生率显著更高。季节性抑郁症患者的烦躁不安、非典型植物神经症状发生率显著更高，而精神病性特征和自杀念头的发生率更低。在精神疾病家族史或首次抑郁发作的年龄方面未发现差异。本研究可以聚焦于这种新的精神疾病实体，并可能推动与季节性情感障碍相关的遗传和神经生物学研究的发展。
