Solares Roberto, Romero Maria Isabel
American Board of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital Angeles de las Lomas, Vialidad de la Barranca, Huixquilucan, México.
Pediatr Dent. 2004 Sep-Oct;26(5):450-8.
Supernumerary premolars appear to be more common than previously estimated. The purpose of this report was to review most of the cases published in the dental literature since 1932. The authors found that supernumerary premolars occur 3 times more in males than in females, indicating a possible sex-linked inheritance, with the highest frequency of occurrence in the mandibular premolar region (74%). They are also the most common supernumerary teeth in the mandibular arch (7%), and their incidence is 1% (1 in 157)-much higher than previously reported. Maxillary supernumerary premolars were found to occur at a lower rate (26%). The possible mechanisms of development are described, with a localized hyperactivity of the dental lamina being the most widely accepted theory. Recurrence of supernumerary premolars after being surgically removed has been reported in 8% of the cases reviewed. Patients with a previous history of anterior conical or tuberculated supernumerary teeth at an early age have a 24% possibility of developing single or multiple supernumerary premolars at a later age. Early diagnosis and appropriate follow-up with panoramic radiographs is extremely important. Various treatment recommendations are also discussed.
额外前磨牙似乎比之前估计的更为常见。本报告的目的是回顾自1932年以来牙科文献中发表的大多数病例。作者发现，额外前磨牙在男性中的发生率是女性的3倍，这表明可能存在性连锁遗传，在下颌前磨牙区域的发生率最高（74%）。它们也是下颌牙弓中最常见的额外牙（7%），其发生率为1%（157例中有1例），远高于之前的报道。上颌额外前磨牙的发生率较低（26%）。文中描述了可能的发育机制，其中牙板局部活动亢进是最被广泛接受的理论。在所回顾的病例中，8%的患者在手术切除额外前磨牙后出现复发。早年有前锥形或结节状额外牙病史的患者，在晚年有24%的可能性长出单个或多个额外前磨牙。早期诊断并通过全景X线片进行适当随访极为重要。文中还讨论了各种治疗建议。
