Lines J, Armstrong J R
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK WC I E 7HT.
Parasitol Today. 1992 Nov;8(11):381-3. doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(92)90176-3.
What precipitates malaria illness in an area of intense transmission? Greenwood, Marsh and Snow(1) and Marsh(2) have discussed the hypothesis that the severity of malaria depends on the size of the inoculum, that is, on the number of sporozoites inoculated at one time(3). According to these authors, this is suggested by the results of vector control trials in which parasite prevalence remained the same but episodes of disease were reduced. This is clearly an important observation, but Jo Lines and Jo Armstrong interpret it differently. They see the primary implication of these results as being that natural immunity to malaria must be largely strain specific, and only if there is strain specificity can inoculum size be important. Here they present arguments to support this view,and point out that, if there is strain specific immunity, then short-term evaluation o f vector control is likely to overestimate its long-term benefit.
在疟疾高传播地区，是什么引发了疟疾发病呢？格林伍德、马什和斯诺（1）以及马什（2）探讨了这样一种假说，即疟疾的严重程度取决于接种量的大小，也就是说，取决于一次接种的子孢子数量（3）。根据这些作者的观点，这一假说得到了病媒控制试验结果的支持，在这些试验中，寄生虫感染率保持不变，但发病次数减少了。这显然是一个重要的观察结果，但乔·莱恩斯和乔·阿姆斯特朗对此有不同的解读。他们认为这些结果的主要含义是，对疟疾的自然免疫力在很大程度上必须是菌株特异性的，只有存在菌株特异性，接种量大小才会重要。在此，他们提出论据来支持这一观点，并指出，如果存在菌株特异性免疫，那么对病媒控制的短期评估可能会高估其长期效益。
