Hiebeler David
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, 5752 Neville Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5752, USA.
Theor Popul Biol. 2004 Nov;66(3):205-18. doi: 10.1016/j.tpb.2004.06.004.
Competitive interactions and invasibility between short- and long-distance dispersal was investigated in a population on a heterogeneous landscape with spatial correlations in habitat types, and where the driving interaction between individuals is competition for space. Stochastic spatially explicit simulations were used, along with differential equation models based on pair approximations. Conditions under which either dispersal strategy can successfully invade the other were determined, as a function of the amount and clustering of suitable habitat and the relative costs involved in the two dispersal strategies. Long-distance dispersal, which reduces intraspecific competition, is sometimes advantageous even where aggregation of suitable habitat would otherwise favor short-distance dispersal, although certain habitat distributions can lead to either strategy being dominant. Coexistence is also possible on some landscapes, where the spatial structure of the populations partitions suitable sites according to the number of suitable neighboring sites. Mutual competitive exclusion, where whichever strategy is established first cannot be invaded, is also possible. All of these results are observed even when there is no intrinsic difference in the two strategies' costs, such as mortality or competitive abilities.
在一个栖息地类型存在空间相关性的异质景观种群中，研究了短距离和长距离扩散之间的竞争相互作用和可入侵性，且个体间的驱动相互作用是对空间的竞争。使用了随机空间显式模拟以及基于配对近似的微分方程模型。根据适宜栖息地的数量和聚集情况以及两种扩散策略所涉及的相对成本，确定了两种扩散策略中任何一种能够成功入侵另一种的条件。长距离扩散减少了种内竞争，即使适宜栖息地的聚集在其他情况下有利于短距离扩散，但在某些情况下长距离扩散有时仍具有优势，尽管某些栖息地分布可能导致其中一种策略占主导地位。在一些景观中也可能存在共存现象，即种群的空间结构根据适宜邻域位点的数量对适宜位点进行划分。相互竞争排斥也是可能的，即无论哪种策略首先确立都无法被入侵。即使两种策略在成本上没有内在差异，如死亡率或竞争能力，所有这些结果仍然会出现。
