Fang Margaret C, McCarthy Ellen P, Singer Daniel E
Division of General Internal Medicine Hospitalist Group, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, USA.
Am J Med. 2004 Oct 15;117(8):575-81. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.03.043.
Women may prefer female physicians, particularly for preventive health services. We assessed national trends in the proportion of women among patients seeing female physicians, and compared visit characteristics and preventive services among visits to female and male primary care physicians.
We assessed the characteristics of 92,389 visits from the 1995-2000 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a nationally representative survey of office-based physicians in the United States, using linear and logistic regression.
Female physicians were more likely than male physicians to see female patients in the specialties of primary care (73% vs. 56%), psychiatry (72% vs. 54%), dermatology (67% vs. 56%), and pediatrics (52% vs. 46%; P <0.01 for all). In primary care, the difference increased over time, such that by 2000, 78% of visits to female primary care physicians were from women, compared with 56% for male primary care physicians (P <0.01). Female primary care physicians saw younger patients (mean age, 45 vs. 49 years, P = 0.04), reported longer visits (19 vs. 17 minutes, P <0.01), and reported performing more preventive services than did male primary care physicians when seeing female patients, including Papanicolaou testing (11% vs. 4.7%, P <0.01) and mammograms (9% vs. 4%, P <0.01).
The phenomenon of sex concordance between patient and physician has increased in recent years, particularly in primary care. Nearly four of five patient visits to female primary care physicians are from women, and female physicians report performing more preventive health services for their female patients.
女性可能更倾向于选择女医生，尤其是在接受预防性健康服务时。我们评估了看女医生的患者中女性所占比例的全国趋势，并比较了女性和男性初级保健医生就诊的特点及预防性服务情况。
我们使用线性和逻辑回归分析了1995 - 2000年国家门诊医疗调查中92389次就诊的特征，该调查是对美国基于办公室的医生进行的具有全国代表性的调查。
在初级保健（73%对56%）、精神病学（72%对54%）、皮肤科（67%对56%）和儿科（52%对46%；所有P均<0.01）等专科中，女医生比男医生更有可能接待女性患者。在初级保健领域，这种差异随时间增加，到2000年，女性初级保健医生的就诊患者中有78%为女性，而男性初级保健医生的这一比例为56%（P<0.01）。女性初级保健医生接待的患者更年轻（平均年龄45岁对49岁，P = 0.04），就诊时间更长（19分钟对17分钟，P<0.01），并且在接待女性患者时，报告进行的预防性服务比男性初级保健医生更多，包括巴氏试验（11%对4.7%，P<0.01）和乳房X线摄影（9%对4%，P<0.01）。
近年来，患者与医生性别一致的现象有所增加，尤其是在初级保健领域。女性初级保健医生近五分之四的就诊患者为女性，并且女医生报告为其女性患者提供了更多的预防性健康服务。
