Marsset-Baglieri Agnes, Fromentin Gilles, Tomé Daniel, Bensaid Ahmed, Makkarios Lina, Even Patrick C
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité INRA-INAPG de Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, F75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10):2646-52. doi: 10.1093/jn/134.10.2646.
The purpose of the present study was to test the influence of the amount of protein in a carbohydrate-free diet during a weight reducing program using severe (75%) or more moderate (35%) energy restriction in rats. In Expt. 1, 3 groups (n = 6) consumed ad libitum a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet [P21C69L10 containing 21% of energy as protein (P21), 69% carbohydrate (C69) and 10% lipids (L10)], a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (P21C34L45), or a carbohydrate-free, high-fat, high-protein diet (P55L45). In Expt. 2, 7 groups (n = 7) were studied. For 20 d, groups 1-4 consumed ad libitum diets containing macronutrients at the proportions indicated in their designations [P14C56L30 (control diet), P30L70, P50L50, and P90L10]. Groups 5-7 were pair-fed the same diets at the level of the spontaneous intake of the P90L10 group on the previous day (35% energy restriction). In Expt. 3, 5 groups (n = 7) were fed 1 of the following diets for 20 d. Group 1 consumed the control diet (P14C56L30) ad libitum. Groups 2-5 were energy restricted to 25% of the daily energy intake of group 1 with diets varying in their protein and lipid concentrations (P14C56L30, P50L50, P70L30, and P90L10). A high-fat content in the diet devoid of carbohydrate did not increase energy intake and body adiposity and neither body weight nor body composition was significantly affected by the protein to lipid ratio when energy restriction was 75%; however, a protein content > 50% preserved lean body mass at the expense of fat mass when energy restriction was 35%. Our results show that the absence of carbohydrates from the diet induces a low energy intake and the preferential deposition of protein.
本研究的目的是在大鼠体重减轻计划中，使用严格（75%）或更适度（35%）的能量限制，测试无碳水化合物饮食中蛋白质含量的影响。在实验1中，3组（n = 6）大鼠随意进食高碳水化合物、低脂饮食[P21C69L10，含21%能量的蛋白质（P21）、69%碳水化合物（C69）和10%脂质（L10）]、高碳水化合物、高脂肪饮食（P21C34L45）或无碳水化合物、高脂肪、高蛋白饮食（P55L45）。在实验2中，研究了7组（n = 7）大鼠。20天里，第1 - 4组大鼠随意进食其组名所标明比例的含大量营养素的饮食[P14C56L30（对照饮食）、P30L70、P50L50和P90L10]。第5 - 7组大鼠按前一天P90L10组的自发摄入量水平进行配对喂食（35%能量限制）。在实验3中，5组（n = 7）大鼠喂食以下饮食之一，持续20天。第1组大鼠随意进食对照饮食（P14C56L30）。第2 - 5组大鼠能量限制为第1组每日能量摄入量的25%，饮食中蛋白质和脂质浓度不同（P14C56L30、P50L50、P70L30和P90L10）。无碳水化合物饮食中的高脂肪含量并未增加能量摄入和身体肥胖，当能量限制为75%时，蛋白质与脂质比例对体重和身体组成均无显著影响；然而，当能量限制为35%时，蛋白质含量>50%会以脂肪量为代价保留瘦体重。我们的结果表明，饮食中不含碳水化合物会导致能量摄入降低以及蛋白质的优先沉积。
