Robleto Karla, Poulos Andrew M, Thompson Richard F
University of Southern California, Neuroscience Program, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Learn Mem. 2004 Sep-Oct;11(5):517-24. doi: 10.1101/lm.80004.
It is well established that the cerebellum and its associated circuitry are essential for classical conditioning of the eyeblink response and other discrete motor responses (e.g., limb flexion, head turn, etc.) learned with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US). However, brain mechanisms underlying extinction of these responses are still relatively unclear. Behavioral studies have demonstrated extinction as an active learning process distinct from acquisition. Experimental data in eyeblink conditioning suggest that plastic changes specific to extinction may play an important role in this process. Both cerebellar and hippocampal systems may be involved in extinction of these memories. The nature of this phenomenon and identification of the neural substrates necessary for extinction of originally learned responses is the topic of this review.
众所周知，小脑及其相关神经回路对于眨眼反应以及其他与厌恶非条件刺激（US）相关的离散运动反应（如肢体屈曲、转头等）的经典条件反射至关重要。然而，这些反应消退的脑机制仍相对不清楚。行为学研究表明，消退是一个与习得不同的主动学习过程。眨眼条件反射的实验数据表明，特定于消退的可塑性变化可能在这一过程中发挥重要作用。小脑和海马系统可能都参与了这些记忆的消退。这种现象的本质以及对最初习得反应消退所必需的神经基质的识别是本综述的主题。
