O'toole Thomas P, Conde-Martel Alicia, Gibbon Jeanette L, Hanusa Barbara H, Freyder Paul J, Fine Michael J
Georgetown University School of Medicine, 1111 NE Med Dent Building, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
J Urban Health. 2004 Dec;81(4):606-17. doi: 10.1093/jurban/jth144.
Much of our understanding of substance abuse and homelessness comes from data from the 1980s and may not necessarily reflect issues or trends prevalent during the 1990s. We report data from a two-city, community-based, populations-proportionate sample of 531 randomly selected homeless adults; the study was conducted in 1997 and compared substance-abusing to non-substance-abusing respondents. Most (78.3%) met criteria for substance abuse/dependence and were abusing either cocaine or alcohol and cocaine (68.5%). In the multiple logistic regression model, male gender (odds ratio [OR] 2.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70-5.09), less than a 12th grade education (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.11-3.46), hustling or stealing for sustenance (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.15-8.55), and identifying a need to learn how to manage one's money (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.45-3.98) were independently associated with substance abuse/dependence. Drug abuse/dependence and polysubstance use among urban homeless persons became a more prevalent issue in the late 1990s. These individuals have unique needs that will require tailored interventions.
我们对药物滥用和无家可归问题的许多理解都来自20世纪80年代的数据，这些数据不一定能反映20世纪90年代普遍存在的问题或趋势。我们报告了一项基于社区的、按人口比例抽样的双城研究数据，该研究随机选取了531名无家可归的成年人；该研究于1997年进行，比较了药物滥用者和非药物滥用者的情况。大多数（78.3%）符合药物滥用/依赖标准，且滥用可卡因或酒精和可卡因（68.5%）。在多元逻辑回归模型中，男性（比值比[OR]2.94，95%置信区间[CI]1.70 - 5.09）、未接受过12年级以上教育（OR 1.96，95%CI 1.11 - 3.46）、为维持生计而从事非法活动或偷窃（OR 3.14，95%CI 1.15 - 8.55）以及认为需要学习如何管理个人财务（OR 2.41，95%CI 1.45 - 3.98）与药物滥用/依赖独立相关。20世纪90年代后期，城市无家可归者中的药物滥用/依赖和多药使用问题变得更加普遍。这些人有独特的需求，需要针对性的干预措施。
