Prieto Pablo G, Cancelas Jesus, Villanueva-Peñacarrillo Maria L, Valverde Isabel, Malaisse Willy J
Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Brussels Free University (CP 626), 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Oct;23(5):414-9. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2004.10719386.
To assess whether oral D-fructose modifies the plasma D-glucose and insulin responses to oral D-glucose administration in normal rats.
Oral D-glucose (1.7, 3.5, 6.9 or 13.9 micromol/g body weight), D-fructose (6.9 micromol/g), both D-glucose and D-fructose (1.7 or 3.5 micromol/g of each hexose) or sucrose (3.7 micromol/g) were administered intragastrically to overnight fasted rats and the plasma concentration of D-glucose, D-fructose and insulin measured over the ensuing 120 minutes. Control experiments were conducted after oral administration of H(2)O or saline.
The administration of D-fructose, given as the free hexose or as sucrose, instead of augmenting the plasma D-glucose concentration evoked by the concomitant administration of D-glucose, tended both to improve the insulin response of the pancreatic B-cell and to minimize hyperglycemia, when compared to the results of experiments including the administration of equimolar amounts of D-glucose alone. For instance, the area under the plasma D-glucose curve was comparable in the rats receiving both D-glucose and D-fructose (3.5 micromol/g of each hexose) and the rats receiving only D-glucose (3.5 micromol/g), averaging respectively 836 +/- 32 and 850 +/- 34 mM . min each. Likewise, the paired ratio between the areas under the plasma insulin and D-glucose curves, when corrected for the threshold concentration for the insulinotropic action of the hexose (2.05 +/- 0.10 mM), averaged 44.3 +/- 3.0 nmol/mol in the 16 rats receiving D-fructose alone, sucrose alone or both D-glucose and D-fructose, as compared to 37.7 +/- 2.9 nmol/mol in the 22 rats receiving increasing amounts of D-glucose alone.
The intake of D-fructose, as the free hexose or as sucrose, favours D-glucose homeostasis. This is likely to be attributable to the reciprocal effects of the aldose and ketose upon their respective phosphorylation by glucokinase in both hepatocytes and insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells.
评估口服D-果糖是否会改变正常大鼠口服D-葡萄糖后血浆D-葡萄糖和胰岛素的反应。
将口服D-葡萄糖（1.7、3.5、6.9或13.9微摩尔/克体重）、D-果糖（6.9微摩尔/克）、D-葡萄糖和D-果糖（每种己糖1.7或3.5微摩尔/克）或蔗糖（3.7微摩尔/克）经胃内给予过夜禁食的大鼠，并在随后的120分钟内测量血浆D-葡萄糖、D-果糖和胰岛素的浓度。在口服水或盐水后进行对照实验。
与仅给予等摩尔量D-葡萄糖的实验结果相比，给予游离己糖形式或蔗糖形式的D-果糖，非但没有增强同时给予D-葡萄糖所引起的血浆D-葡萄糖浓度，反而倾向于改善胰腺B细胞的胰岛素反应，并使高血糖症降至最低。例如，接受D-葡萄糖和D-果糖（每种己糖3.5微摩尔/克）的大鼠与仅接受D-葡萄糖（3.5微摩尔/克）的大鼠的血浆D-葡萄糖曲线下面积相当，分别平均为836±32和850±34毫摩尔·分钟。同样，校正己糖促胰岛素作用的阈值浓度（2.05±0.10毫摩尔）后，接受单独D-果糖、单独蔗糖或D-葡萄糖和D-果糖两者的16只大鼠的血浆胰岛素和D-葡萄糖曲线下面积的配对比值平均为44.3±3.纳米摩尔/摩尔，而接受逐渐增加量单独D-葡萄糖的22只大鼠的该比值为37.7±2.9纳米摩尔/摩尔。
摄入游离己糖形式或蔗糖形式的D-果糖有利于D-葡萄糖稳态。这可能归因于醛糖和酮糖对肝细胞和产生胰岛素的胰岛细胞中葡萄糖激酶各自磷酸化作用的相互影响。
