Lee Sang Y, Hong Soon H, Lee Seung H, Park Si J
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
Macromol Biosci. 2004 Mar 15;4(3):157-64. doi: 10.1002/mabi.200300096.
The fermentative production of chemicals that can be used as monomers for the synthesis of polymers has become an important topic in biotechnology research because of the limited nature of petroleum and environmental issues. In particular, the fermentative production of metabolites such as dicarboxylic acids, amino acids, and diols, which are suitable as building blocks for subsequent polymerization, has attracted much attention. Various wild-type and metabolically engineered microorganisms have been developed for the efficient production of these chemicals from renewable resources. In addition, the development of fermentation strategies to achieve the highest possible productivities has been another focus of research, considering that these monomers should be produced at costs low enough to compete with petroleum-derived ones. In this paper, the metabolic pathways leading to the synthesis of such important monomers including succinic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, propan-1,2-diol, and propan-1,3-diol are reviewed. In addition, the metabolic engineering and fermentation strategies for their production are reviewed.
由于石油资源的有限性和环境问题，利用发酵生产可作为聚合物合成单体的化学品已成为生物技术研究中的一个重要课题。特别是，发酵生产二羧酸、氨基酸和二醇等代谢物作为后续聚合的基础原料备受关注。人们已经开发出各种野生型和代谢工程改造的微生物，用于从可再生资源高效生产这些化学品。此外，考虑到这些单体的生产成本必须足够低，才能与石油衍生的单体竞争，因此开发能够实现尽可能高生产率的发酵策略一直是研究的另一个重点。本文综述了琥珀酸、乳酸、富马酸、1,2 -丙二醇和1,3 -丙二醇等重要单体的合成代谢途径。此外，还综述了它们的代谢工程和发酵生产策略。
