Laraia Barbara A, Siega-Riz Anna Maria, Kaufman Jay S, Jones Sonya J
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Carolina Population Center, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Prev Med. 2004 Nov;39(5):869-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.03.018.
To investigate the association between distance to the closest supermarket and a composite measure of diet, the diet quality index for pregnancy (DQI-P) was constructed.
Data from the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition (PIN) cohort, a prospective study of determinants of preterm birth, were analyzed. Food frequency questionnaires were used to construct DQI-P which includes: servings of grains, vegetables, fruits, folate, iron and calcium intake, percentage of calories from fat, and meal pattern score. Street address of residence, supermarkets, grocery and convenience stores were geocoded. Participants with complete food frequency and address data were included (n = 918). Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the conditional association of food outlets on diet quality, controlling for confounders and using a robust variance estimator to account for clustering of neighborhood characteristics.
Women living greater than 4 miles from a supermarket were more than twice the odds (adjusted odds ratio = 2.16; 95% confidence interval = 1.2, 4.0) of falling into the lowest compared to highest DQI-P tertile compared to women living within 2 miles of a supermarket, after controlling for individual characteristics, other food retail outlets.
These findings suggest that proximity of food retail outlets influences the diet quality of pregnant women.
为研究距离最近超市的远近与综合饮食指标之间的关联，构建了孕期饮食质量指数（DQI-P）。
对妊娠、感染与营养（PIN）队列研究的数据进行分析，该研究是一项关于早产决定因素的前瞻性研究。使用食物频率问卷构建DQI-P，其包括：谷物、蔬菜、水果的摄入量，叶酸、铁和钙的摄入量，脂肪供能百分比以及进餐模式得分。对居住地址、超市、杂货店和便利店的街道地址进行地理编码。纳入具有完整食物频率和地址数据的参与者（n = 918）。采用多项逻辑回归估计食品销售点与饮食质量之间的条件关联，控制混杂因素，并使用稳健方差估计器来考虑邻里特征的聚类。
在控制个体特征、其他食品零售点后，与居住在距离超市2英里以内的女性相比，居住在距离超市超过4英里的女性处于最低DQI-P三分位数的几率是处于最高三分位数几率的两倍多（调整后的优势比 = 2.16；95%置信区间 = 1.2, 4.0）。
这些研究结果表明，食品零售点的 proximity 会影响孕妇的饮食质量。 （注：原文中“proximity”未翻译完整，这里根据语境推测应是指“距离远近”之类意思，完整翻译可使句子更通顺）
