Speltz Matthew L, Kapp-Simon Kathleen A, Cunningham Michael, Marsh Jeffrey, Dawson Geraldine
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2004 Dec;29(8):651-68. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsh068.
To review research and theory regarding the neurobehavioral correlates and outcomes of single-suture, or isolated, craniosynostosis in children.
A critical review of 17 studies of the hypothesized association between isolated craniosynostosis and neurodevelopment.
Isolated craniosynostosis is associated with a three- to fivefold increase in risk for cognitive deficits or learning/language disabilities. The causal basis for this association is unclear. No particular calvarial suture (sagittal, metopic, left or right unilateral coronal) has been associated with higher risk of problems. There is little evidence from quasi-experimental studies that cranioplastic surgery prevents or reduces risk of neurobehavioral impairment.
Future studies would benefit from larger samples and larger control groups; measures of specific neuropsychological functions (in addition to global cognition); analyses of neuropsychological status in relation to the severity and cortical impact of synostosis; and an examination of interactions between synostosis and social/family risk factors on neurodevelopment. Routine neurodevelopmental screening of young children with isolated craniosynostosis is recommended.
回顾关于儿童单缝或孤立性颅缝早闭的神经行为相关性及后果的研究和理论。
对17项关于孤立性颅缝早闭与神经发育之间假定关联的研究进行批判性综述。
孤立性颅缝早闭与认知缺陷或学习/语言障碍风险增加三至五倍相关。这种关联的因果基础尚不清楚。没有特定的颅骨缝（矢状缝、额缝、左侧或右侧单侧冠状缝）与更高的问题风险相关。准实验研究几乎没有证据表明颅骨整形手术可预防或降低神经行为损伤风险。
未来的研究将受益于更大的样本和更大的对照组；特定神经心理功能的测量（除整体认知外）；分析与颅缝早闭的严重程度和皮质影响相关的神经心理状态；以及检查颅缝早闭与社会/家庭风险因素对神经发育的相互作用。建议对患有孤立性颅缝早闭的幼儿进行常规神经发育筛查。
