Kumar A, Bose S, Bhattacharya A, Tandon O P, Kundra P
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1992 Feb;36(2):159-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1992.tb03444.x.
In a randomized double-blind study, the effects of clonidine premedication as a sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic and oculohypotensive agent were studied in 100 elderly patients (62 to 65 +/- 10 years, ASA grade I-II) undergoing elective intraocular surgery under local anaesthesia. The control group (Group A, n = 50) received oral diazepam 0.15 mg/kg 120 min before surgery and Group B (n = 50) received oral clonidine 300 micrograms 120 min before surgery. Two hours after the premedication, there was significantly more sedation (P less than 0.05) and less subjective anxiety (P less than 0.05) in the clonidine group than in the control group. There was a significant fall in intraocular pressure (IOP) from 20 +/- 0.5 to 13 +/- 0.5 mmHg (P less than 0.05) and significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) (P less than 0.05) in the clonidine group as compared to the control group. Perioperatively, significantly more supplementation with i.v. diazepam was given in the control group than in the clonidine group (P less than 0.01). The incidence of intra-operative hypertension (P less than 0.01) and tachycardia (P less than 0.05) was significantly greater in the control group than in the clonidine group. A significantly larger number of patients in the clonidine group scored a Post-Anaesthesia Recovery (PAR) score of 10 as compared to the control group (P less than 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for pain, number of analgesic requests and emesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在一项随机双盲研究中，对100例年龄在62至65±10岁、ASA分级为I-II级、接受局部麻醉下择期眼科手术的老年患者，研究可乐定作为镇静、抗焦虑、镇痛及降低眼压药物的术前用药效果。对照组（A组，n = 50）在手术前120分钟口服地西泮0.15 mg/kg，B组（n = 50）在手术前120分钟口服可乐定300微克。术前用药两小时后，可乐定组的镇静效果显著更强（P < 0.05），主观焦虑程度更低（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，可乐定组眼压从20±0.5 mmHg显著降至13±0.5 mmHg（P < 0.05），收缩压、舒张压及心率均显著降低（P < 0.05）。围手术期，对照组静脉注射地西泮的补充量显著多于可乐定组（P < 0.01）。对照组术中高血压（P < 0.01）和心动过速（P < 0.05）的发生率显著高于可乐定组。与对照组相比，可乐定组术后麻醉恢复（PAR）评分为10分的患者数量显著更多（P < 0.01）。术后视觉模拟评分（VAS）的疼痛评分、镇痛需求次数及呕吐情况无统计学差异。（摘要截选至250字）
