De Micheli Denise, Fisberg Mauro, Formigoni Maria Lucia O S
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2004 Jul-Sep;50(3):305-13. doi: 10.1590/s0104-42302004000300040. Epub 2004 Oct 21.
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief intervention and a preventive orientation on the use of alcohol and other drugs directed towards adolescents.
Ninety nine youths who sought medical assistance in an out patient service specialized in adolescents were classified, according to their level of consumption of substances, into users during the last month (UM) or non users during the last month (NUM). Each of these was divided into four groups: a control group of users in the last month (COUM), a control group of non users in the last month (CONUM), a Brief Intervention group (BI--in case they were regular users) and a Preventive Orientation group (PO--in case they were non users in the last month). The preventive orientation lasted 2-3 minutes and the brief intervention took about 20 minutes, both followed a structured schedule. All participants were followed-up and evaluated for a 6 months period.
In the 6-month follow-up, a significant increase in cannabis, alcohol and tobacco consumption, as well as in the intensity of related-problems, was observed in the CONUM group. The increase of alcohol and tobacco consumption observed in the PO group had a significantly lesser frequency and lower intensity than in the CONUM group. Moreover, no increase in cannabis consumption was observed in this group. The BI group showed a significant reduction in the number of users during the last month with respect to most substances, as well as in relation to substance-related problems.
Our results confirm that a single brief intervention session is effective in reducing consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents. Although influence of other factors could not be discarded, preventive orientation reduced the increase of cannabis consumption but increased use of tobacco and alcohol. Further and more in depth studies are required to evaluate the usefulness of preventive programs on alcohol and other drug consumption, in order to bring to light more effective and comprehensive approaches.
本研究的主要目的是评估针对青少年的简短干预和预防指导对酒精及其他药物使用的有效性。
在一家青少年专科门诊寻求医疗帮助的99名年轻人，根据其物质使用水平，被分为上个月的使用者（UM）或上个月的非使用者（NUM）。每组又分为四组：上个月使用者的对照组（COUM）、上个月非使用者的对照组（CONUM）、简短干预组（BI——如果他们是经常使用者）和预防指导组（PO——如果他们是上个月的非使用者）。预防指导持续2 - 3分钟，简短干预约20分钟，两者均遵循结构化流程。所有参与者均接受为期6个月的随访和评估。
在6个月的随访中，CONUM组的大麻、酒精和烟草消费量以及相关问题的严重程度显著增加。PO组观察到的酒精和烟草消费量的增加，其频率和强度明显低于CONUM组。此外，该组未观察到大麻消费量增加。BI组在上个月大多数物质的使用者数量以及与物质相关的问题方面均有显著减少。
我们的结果证实，单次简短干预对减少青少年精神活性物质的消费是有效的。尽管不能排除其他因素的影响，但预防指导减少了大麻消费的增加，但增加了烟草和酒精的使用。需要进一步开展更深入的研究来评估预防计划对酒精和其他药物消费的有效性，以便揭示更有效、更全面的方法。
