1型糖尿病患者的潜在异卵双胞胎和兄弟姐妹之间，β细胞自身免疫的表达没有差异。
Expression of beta-cell autoimmunity does not differ between potential dizygotic twins and siblings of patients with type 1 diabetes.
作者信息
Redondo Maria J, Fain Pamela R, Krischer Jeffrey P, Yu Liping, Cuthbertson David, Winter William E, Eisenbarth George S
机构信息
Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue B-140, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
出版信息
J Autoimmun. 2004 Nov;23(3):275-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2004.07.001.
Twin studies help to elucidate the contribution of genes and environment to type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The Diabetes Prevention Trial-1 (DPT-1) tested for anti-islet autoantibodies: 34,765 non-diabetic non-twin siblings of patients with T1DM, and 896 non-diabetic potential twins of patients with T1DM. Zygosity (being monozygotic [MZ] or dizygotic [DZ]) was unknown except for 357 non-diabetic subjects with opposite gender to their diabetic twin, who must be DZ. Expression of cytoplasmic islet cell (ICA), GAD65, ICA512 and insulin autoantibodies in 357 different-sex (DZ) potential non-diabetic twins of T1DM patients was, respectively, 4.5%, 4.7%, 3.0% and 2.4%, which was lower than in 539 same-sex potential non-diabetic twins (including MZ and DZ) of T1DM patients for ICA (7.8%, p < 0.05), GAD65 (13.4%, p < 0.0001) and ICA512 (6.5%, p < 0.03). In contrast, expression of ICA, GAD65, ICA512 and insulin autoantibodies was not significantly different in different-sex (DZ) potential twins versus all siblings (respectively, 4.2%, 4.8%, 2.2%, 2.5%), different-sex siblings (3.9%, 4.9%, 2.2%, 2.5%) or same-sex siblings (4.4%, 4.7%, 2.2%, 2.5%) of T1DM patients. In conclusion, anti-islet autoimmunity is not increased in non-diabetic DZ twins of T1DM patients compared to non-diabetic siblings of T1DM patients, suggesting that the greater environmental sharing by twins does not increase risk of anti-islet autoimmunity.
双胞胎研究有助于阐明基因和环境对1型糖尿病（T1DM）的影响。糖尿病预防试验-1（DPT-1）检测了抗胰岛自身抗体：34765名T1DM患者的非糖尿病非双胞胎兄弟姐妹，以及896名T1DM患者的非糖尿病潜在双胞胎。除了357名与其糖尿病双胞胎性别相反的非糖尿病受试者（必定为异卵双胞胎）外，合子性（同卵[MZ]或异卵[DZ]）情况未知。357名T1DM患者不同性别的（DZ）潜在非糖尿病双胞胎中，细胞质胰岛细胞（ICA）、GAD65、ICA512和胰岛素自身抗体的表达分别为4.5%、4.7%、3.0%和2.4%，低于539名T1DM患者同性别的潜在非糖尿病双胞胎（包括MZ和DZ）中ICA（7.8%，p<0.05）、GAD65（13.4%，p<0.0001）和ICA512（6.5%，p<0.03）的表达。相比之下，不同性别的（DZ）潜在双胞胎与所有兄弟姐妹（分别为4.2%、4.8%、2.2%、2.5%）、不同性别的兄弟姐妹（3.9%、4.9%、2.2%、2.5%）或T1DM患者同性别的兄弟姐妹（4.4%、4.7%、2.2%、2.5%）中ICA、GAD65、ICA512和胰岛素自身抗体的表达无显著差异。总之，与T1DM患者的非糖尿病兄弟姐妹相比，T1DM患者的非糖尿病DZ双胞胎中抗胰岛自身免疫并未增加，这表明双胞胎更大程度的环境共享不会增加抗胰岛自身免疫的风险。
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