Buyukbese Mehmet Akif, Koksal Nurhan, Guven Aytekin, Cetinkaya Ali
Department of Internal Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Medicine, 46050 Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2004 Nov;204(3):173-8. doi: 10.1620/tjem.204.173.
In Turkey, "Maras Powder," which is a kind of powder yielded from the shields of tobacco, is widely used as smokeless tobacco through buccal mucosa or together with cigarette. Maras powder, composed of ash and a plant named Nicotiana Rustica Linn, is sometimes used to give up smoking. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of Maras powder use on respiratory functions of healthy subjects who do not have any chronic disease. We found statistically significant differences in percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV(1)%) (p = 0.001), the ratio of FEV(1) to forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC) (p = 0.024), percent of maximum expiratory flow rate (FEF(25-75)%) (p = 0.002) and percent of peak expiratory flow (PEF%) (p = 0.037) between cigarette smokers with Maras powder use (n = 23) and control subjects (n = 24). Likewise, when cigarette smokers (n = 24) and control subjects were compared, the differences for all these parameters were significant (p = 0.022, p = 0.048, p = 0.011 and p = 0.047, respectively). Only FEV(1)% and FEF(25-75)% were significantly lower in cigarette smokers with Maras powder use than in Maras powder users (n = 28) (p = 0.011 and p = 0.022, respectively). There was a negative correlation between forced vital capacity and Maras powder use (r = -0.315, p = 0.03). The present study suggests that Maras powder does not cause serious bronchial obstruction. This may be due to usage of the smokeless tobacco through buccal mucosa but not through inhalation as in case of cigarette smoking.
在土耳其,“马拉斯粉”是一种从烟草叶片中提取的粉末,它被广泛用作无烟烟草,通过颊黏膜使用或与香烟一起使用。马拉斯粉由灰烬和一种名为黄花烟草的植物组成,有时被用于戒烟。本研究旨在调查使用马拉斯粉对无任何慢性病的健康受试者呼吸功能的影响。我们发现,在使用马拉斯粉的吸烟者(n = 23)和对照组受试者(n = 24)之间,第一秒用力呼气量百分比(FEV(1)%)(p = 0.001)、FEV(1)与用力肺活量的比值(FEV(1)/FVC)(p = 0.024)、最大呼气流量百分比(FEF(25 - 75)%)(p = 0.002)和呼气峰值流量百分比(PEF%)(p = 0.037)存在统计学上的显著差异。同样,当比较吸烟者(n = 24)和对照组受试者时,所有这些参数的差异均具有显著性(分别为p = 0.022、p = 0.048、p = 0.011和p = 0.047)。与仅使用马拉斯粉的使用者(n = 28)相比,使用马拉斯粉的吸烟者中只有FEV(1)%和FEF(25 - 75)%显著更低(分别为p = 0.011和p = 0.022)。用力肺活量与马拉斯粉的使用之间存在负相关(r = -0.315,p = 0.03)。本研究表明,马拉斯粉不会导致严重的支气管阻塞。这可能是由于无烟烟草是通过颊黏膜使用,而不像吸烟那样通过吸入。